Of- 

T 


LIBRARY 


"^2 


i 


UNIVERSITY   OF   CALIFORNIA. 

^  GIFT  OF 


A 


Received 
ccessions  l 


3/^^       .Shelf  A 


-30 


Mortality  Experience 

of  the 

Provident 
hife  &  Trust  Company 

of 

Ph  ila  de  Ip  h  ia. 

[UlTIVERSITYl 

Prepared  by 

Asa  S.  Wing, 

Vice-President  and  Actuary  of  the  Company. 


PiLblished  by  the  Compciny, 
1886. 


THE 


PROVIDENT 
LIFE  AND  TRUST  COMPANY 


OF 


PHILADELPHIA. 

OFFICE: 

No.  409  Chestnut  Street, 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 


SAMUEL  R.  SHIPLEY,  President. 

T.  WISTAR  BROWN,  Vice-President. 

ASA  S.  WING,  Vice-President  and  Actuary. 

JOSEPH  ASHBROOK,  Manager  of  Insurance  Department. 

J.   ROBERTS  FOULKE,  Trust  Officer. 


DR.   THOMAS  WISTAR,  Chief  Medical  E.Kami ncr. 

JOS.  B.  TOWNSEND,  SAMUEL  DICKSON,  Legal  Advisers. 

DIRECTORS. 

Samuel  R.  .Shu'i.ev,  Philacklphia.  Iskaki.  Morris,  Philadclphi:!. 


T.  WisTAR  Brown, 
Henry  Haines, 
Richard  Cadbuky, 
Richard  Wood, 
William  Hacker, 


Chas.  Hartshornk,      " 
William  (Iummere,      " 
Frederic  Collins,        " 
Murray  Shipley,  Cincinnati,  Diiii 
Asa  S.   Winc,   Philadelphia. 


J.   Morton  .Alberts; )N,  Nonistown.        Philii'  C.  Carkett,  Philadelphia. 
Justus  C.  Sikawbridcje,  Philadelphia. 


MORTALITY  HXPERIENCH. 


In  1879  t^^'s  Company  published,  in  connection  with  its 
Fourteenth  Annual  Report,  an  exhibit  of  its  mortality 
experience  to  the  close  of  1S77.  That  exhibit  showed 
that  the  actual  number  of  Policies  terminated  by  death 
had  been  but  64. {'^f/,  of  the  number  expected  by  the 
American  Table  of  Mortality,  and  that  the  actual  amount 
of  the  Policies  so  terminated  was  but  65 /^^f  of  the 
probable  amount  by  the  same  table.  No  such  favorable 
Mortality  experience  has  been  published  of  any  other 
Life  Insurance  Company  in  this  Country.  The  late 
Elizur  Wright  said  of  it :  "  The  mortuary  experience  of 
your  Company,  from  1866  to  iS 77  inclusive,  submitted 
to  me  tor  my  opinion,  is  a  very  remarkable  and  interest- 
ing document.  That  in  an  aggregate  exposure,  in  the 
course  of  twelve  years,  of  46,539  years  of  life,  between 
the  ages  of  1 1  and  76  inclusive,  there  should  have  been 
only  331  deaihs,  when  by  the  Table  of  lowest  Mortality 
in  use  for  Life  Insurance  51 1  deaths  were  to  be  expected, 
is  not  perhaps  wholly  unprecedented  but  very  uncommon. 
It  indicates  that  either  the  selection  of  lives  has  been 
careful  and  judicious,  or  that  the  business  has  been  sought 
chiefly  among  people  of  peculiarly  good  sanitary  habits. 
I  am  inclined  to  think  both  causes  have  operated." 


4  Provident  Life  and  Triist  Company. 

The  limited  space  of  twelve  years  through  which  that 
experience  ran,  and  the  comparatively  small  number  of 
lives  exposed,  were  the  only  factors  in  that  exhibit  which 
could  take  from  its  value  as  a  safe  comparison  of  the 
mortality  experience  of  The  Provident  Life  and  Trust 
Company  of  Philadelphia  with  the  published  tables  of 
mortality  and  with  the  experience  of  other  Companies. 
The  officers  of  the  Company  now  present  to  its  Policy 
holders  an  exhibit  scarcely  less  favorable,  with  these 
possibly  doubtful  factors  eliminated,  showing  the  mor- 
tality experience  of  the  Company  to  the  close  of  1885, 
It  covers  a  period  of  20  years,  with  124,526  years  of  life 
and  an  amount  of  $380,334,659  j°^"^  exposed  to  risk  in 
place  of  46,539  years  of  life  and  $  136,730,43 7, ^^  as 
shown  in  the  former  exhibit*.  This  experience  covers 
a  longer  period  and  a  larger  number  of  exposures  to 
risk  than  the  experience  upon  which  the  x^merican 
Experience  Table  of  Mortality  was  constructed  by  Shep- 
pard  Homans  in  1858.  That  these  observations  were 
sufficiently  numerous  and  that  the  American  Table 
is  a  fair  exhibit  of  the  general  mortality  of  assured  lives 
in  this  Country,  is  confirmed  by  the  mortality  experience 
of  30  American  Companies  collected  by  L.  W.  Meech 
and  published  in  1881.  A  comparison  of  the  near  rela- 
tion these  two  mortality  tables  bear  to  each  other  for 
each  age  is  given  in  Table  XVIII  and  more  strikingly 
illustrated  in  Chart  J. 

The  accompanying  explanations  should  be  read  in  con- 
nection with  the  Tables  and  Charts  submitted   herewith. 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


TABLE  I. 

In  the  observations  made  for  this  and  other  Tables  no 
account  is  taken  of  "Not  Taken"  Pohcies  or  those  which 
lapsed  in  the  calendar  year  of  issue.  Every  policy 
(whether  there  be  one  or  more  upon  the  same  life)  issued 
and  remaining  in  force  at  the  end  of  the  calendar  year  of 
issue  is  included  in  the  exposures,  and  in  the  column  of 
deaths  the  number  of  Policies  terminated  thereby  is  given 
without  regard  to  the  number  of  persons  insured.  These 
remarks  apply  as  well  to  Tables  III,  V,  VII  and  VIII.  But 
in  some  of  the  other  tables  it  will  be  noticed  that  observa- 
tions are  made  upon  lives  rather  than  upon  policies. 

This  table  gives  the  probable  and  actual  experience 
for  each  calendar  year  from  1866  to  1885  both  inclusive. 
There  were  a  few  policies  issued  in  the  last  half  of  1865, 
but  as  they  were  so  few  and  as  there  were  no  deaths  in 
that  year  it  was  thought  best  to  consider  them  as  in  force 
at  the  becrinninjif  of  1866,  and  no  credit  is  taken  in  the 
exposures  for  the  time  they  were  in  force  in  1865. 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company 


•-'  >r"  r^ 


O 

r-~ 

CO 

CT\ 

o 

M 

-t 

lO 

o 

n 

O 

O 

o 

M3 

1^^ 

r^ 

I^ 

t~~ 

t^ 

1^ 

t^ 

11 

CO 

«; 

CO 

00 

CO 

CO 

CO 

00 

00 

CO 

CO 

I^ 

>-i 

o 

,„_ 

rt 

5  iJ 

\o 

ri 

CO 

O 

'I- 

t^ 

r^ 

t^ 

o 

M 

ro 

1— 1 

O 

CO 

CN 

1^ 

VO 

M 

-1- 

k-l 

o 

M 

to 

lO 

'^ 

UO 

r^ 

r-- 

CO 

o 

t-~ 

■<^ 

O 

W--0 

• 

o  ■; 

o^ 

^ 

5 

c   u 

-'    rt 

^.s 

■^ 

lO 

CO 

•Tf 

D 

O 

o 

o 

lO 

M 

r^ 

•^   p 

1-1 

O 

CO 

<-'^ 

^r, 

•^ 

rO 

'T 

^    u 

S    <u 

^H 

^ 

OJ 

flj  -C 

^  ■"  ?J 

O    ^P 

*-  —     OJ 

^ ,    r-;  'r^ 

dj   -;    a 

o 

M 

CN 

r— 

VO 

CO 

>o 

ro 

r^ 

ro 

VO 

S-^  ^  "-' 

1- 

o 

i^ 

h- 1 

hri 

o 

o 

1—1 

r^ 

t-- 

O 

S  "W3 

o 

c 

ro 

i~~ 

CO 

o 

<-> 

VO 

CO 

M 

rO 

fO 

00 

O 

ro 

6 

Cs 

t-~ 

lO 

-O 

CN 

lO 

\j  'n    ^  *■ 

M 

C4 

CO 

fO 

-1- 

U-) 

o 

VO 

t^ 

■$  S  " 

5  rt  i; 

||< 

o 

*"* 

i_ 

0     ■ 

.   t; 

■  5  ^ 

—   o 

£  a. 

in 

U-1 

lO 

U-) 

o 

o 

m 

U-) 

o 

o 

O 

iJ 

ri 

CO 

ri 

Tt- 

-f 

'i- 

ro 

CO 

r-^ 

<r) 

o 

00 

CN 

O 

o 

■* 

O 

o 

o 

ro 

lO 

"  ^ 

ro 

00 

lO 

N 

Cs 

■o 

CO 

H-t 

t^ 

M 

o_ 

w-D 

H^ 

N 

C) 

ro 

•i- 

U-) 

U-) 

O 

o" 

*—    I^ 

U    3 

ilpH 

< 

O 

CO 

CN 

O 

r\ 

CO 

1- 

lO 

o 

rt 

o 

o 

-o 

VO 

r-~ 

1^ 

t^ 

r^ 

r~ 

r^ 

r- 

_a; 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

X 

CO 

CO 

CO 

00 

CO 

CO 

I-" 

Provide?it  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


r^co         CsO         ■-"          M         ro-t-u-) 
t^r^r-^cOODOCCOOCoO 

cococococococoocco 

0 
0 

Ratio  of  Actual  to 
I'robable. 

f^           ro        O          I-'           Cn         N           r-»         >0         0\ 

Pl'O           CNCOC^           O           toOO           1-1 
O           t^OOOCOO           lOVO 

0 
0 

CsN          O          u->T}-t-^o          OO 
Tj-OOO          I-^CnCnCnO 

10 

Probable  Number  to  be 

terminated  by  death  by  the 

American  Experience 

Table. 

t^-*0           CsM           w           ^O          't 
r-H-         lof)         r~~i-vDCO         t-~ 

r^JOco         CnO         m         roior^ 

ro 

M 

■>*• 

Avcraj;e  Nuiubcr  of 
Tolicies  Exposed. 

0         0         loO         u-ju-jinO         0 

6          lorots           -^-CO           rOror-» 
MO           10         n           loroi-i           1-1           r) 

OOCO        >-^oo        r-co        M        u-)CN 

00         r-~r^CO         Cn>-          rj          ro 

—         ►-         i-i 

0 

0 
10 

"^ 

M 

1^ 

t^CO          00          ►-          ^J          ro'^io 

t—         t—         r-^CCOOCOCOODCO 

cocoxoooocococooo 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


TABLE  II. 

This  table  represents  in  Dollars  what  Table  I  shows  in 
Policies,  and  gives  the  gross  expected  loss  as  compared 
with  the  amount  of  Insurance  terminated  by  death.  For 
comparison,  the  result  as  thus  arrived  at  is  a  fair  one,  but 
it  must  not  be  assumed  that  there  was  a  eain  to  the  com- 
pany  of  the  difference  between  ^4,492,750,  the  probable 
loss,  and  ^3,085,55 1,  the  actual  loss;  for,  strictly  speaking, 
the  amount  exposed  to  risk  is  the  face  of  the  Policy  less 
the  reserve  or  accumulation  thereon,  and  the  real  loss  in 
case  of  death  is  the  amount  of  the  Policy  less  the  reserve 
on  it.  If  the  computation  had  been  made  on  that  basis 
it  would  have  shown  a  reduction  in  the  probable  and 
actual  losses,  but  their  relation  to  each  other  would  not 
have  differed  materially  from  the  ratio  as  shown  in  this 
table. 

No  account  is  taken  in  the  exposures  or  actual  deaths 
of  reversionary  additions.  They  are  small  in  amount  and 
are  accounted  for  in  the  Company's  yearly  computations 
of  its  gains  on  Vitality,  but  were  not  considered  of  suffi- 
cient importance  to  include  in  the  present  comparative 
statement. 


lO 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company 


H 

<■ 

l_J 

ii 

u 

l-H 

LJ 

> 

u 

C 

T' 

n 

< 

< 

< 

W 

w 

h 

:::; 

:^ 

< 

tin 

C  Ch 

■■§  2 


<.5 


ro  — 


<-a 


^  =  = 


ro       O  — 


o 

o 

o 

o 

lO 

u 

o 

M 

^ 

(N 

U-) 

r~ 

r^ 

-+ 

1-1 

Cs 

M 

CO 

^d 

O 

o 

CN 

CO 

\r 

'^ 

o 

CO 

o 
o 

o 
o 

o 
o 

o 
o 

CN 

rO 

CO 

o 

K-         r^ 


Provident  Life  and  Trnst  Company, 


1 1 


r-. 

'O 

CN 

o 

(M 

rO 

-t- 

>o 

rt 

^•>» 

t^ 

r^ 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

co 

CO 

^ 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

c/: 

c   P 


-t         CO 

'^      - 

C50  OO 


o 


M        oc 


00 
CO 


G 


11   •-. 


o 
q 

o 
q 

o 

O 

O 

q 

o 
q 

o 
q 

o 
q 

o 

lO 

o 


2y 


H 


Providcul  Life  and  I  )ust  Company. 


TABLE  III. 

This  table  gives  the  experience  for  each  age,  showing 
the  number  of  Pohcies  actually  terminated  by  death  and 
the  number  expected  to  be  terminated  by  the  American 
Experience  Table.  The  total  result  is  of  course  the  same 
as  in  Table  I.  The  facts  are  graphically  shown  in  Chart 
A,  where  the  probable  or  expected  deaths  appear  in  the 
line  at  the  outside  limit  of  the  blue  color  and  the  inside 
limit  of  the  red,  and  the  actual  deaths  are  represented 
by  the  irregular  lines  bounding  the  buff,  and  the  outside 
limit  of  the  red. 


14 


JYovidcnt  Life  and  Trust  Company 


TABLE    III.— {See  Cluirl  A) 
COMPARISON   OK  'lllE   ACTUAL  AND    PROBABLE    NUMBER 
I'OLICIES   TERMINATED    BV    DEATH.     FOR   EACH  A(;i. 


OF 


riobuble  Number  to  he 

Age 

Average 

terniinaled  by  death 

Actual 

Age 

at 

Niinil>cr  of  Poli- 

by the  American  Expe- 

Nunii)er 

at 

Exposure. 

cies  Exposed. 

rience  Table. 

terminated. 

Exposure. 

II 

•5 

.004 

II 

12 

I.O 

.C08 

12 

•3 

2.0 

•015 

13 

14 

4.5 

•034 

14 

15 
16 

1 1.0 

.084 

15 

25-5 

•195 

2 

16 

17 

43-a 

■ZZ^ 

17 

18 

82.5 

.637 

]8 

19 

157-5 

1.223 

I 

'9 

20 

317-5 

2.478 

2 

20 

21 

5^1-5 

4.568 

5 

21 

22 

936-5 

7-<o4 

9 

22 

23 

1344-5 

10.700 

8 

23 

24 

1781.0 

iz;.268 

II 

24 

25 
26 

2225.0 

•  17-945 

7 

25 

2727-5 

22.175 

9 

26 

27 

3112.0 

25.509 

16 

27 

28 

3499-0 

28.916 

15 

28 

29 

3852.5 

32.149 

24 

29 

30 

4119.0 

34.711 

16 

30 

•31 

4400.5 

37.448 

22 

31 

32 

4'J07-5 

39-657 

19 

32 

Zl 

4793-5 

41.791) 

29 

ZZ 

34 

4876.0 

43.060 

21 

34. 

35 

4914.0 

43-961 

17 

35 

36 

4911.0 

44.636 

36 

36 

37 

48S2.0 

45.C80 

-0 

0/ 

3« 

4743-5 

44.627 

3 ' 

38 

39 

^637-5 

44-455 

27 

39 

40 

41 

4496.0 

44.034 

31 

40 

4310-5 

43-139 

39 

41 

42 

4038.0 

41-398 

29 

42 

43 

3800.5 

39-970 

28 

43 

44 

3563-5 

38-589 

28 

44 

45 

3396.5 

37-915 

29 

45 

{Continued on  next piij;' 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


15 


TABLE    \\\.—{Contuiued: 


Probable  Number  to  be 

Age 

Average 

terminated  by  death 
by  the  American  Expe- 
rience Table. 

Actual 

Age 

at 
Exposure. 

Number  of  Poli- 
cies Exposed. 

Number 
terminated. 

at 
Exposure.  . 

46 

3156.5 

36.495 

2>Z 

46 

47 

2995.0 

35-940 

21 

47 

48 

2819.0  ■ 

35-263 

10 

48 

49 

2622.0 

34.364 

28 

49 

50 
51 

2410.5 

33.219 

30 

50 

2199.0 

31.976 

14 

51 

52 

2035.0 

31-317 

19 

52 

53 

1923.0 

3T.408 

29 

53 

54 

1779-5 

30-956 

31 

54 

55 

1620.0 

30-085 

22 

55 

56 

1404.5 

27.928 

27 

56 

57 

1261.0 

26.903 

15 

57 

5« 

1 122.0 

25.734 

II 

58 

59 

1004.0 

24.819 

14 

59 

60 

861.5 

22.996 

12 

60 

61 

733-5 

21.183 

13 

61 

62 

646.5 

20.230 

8 

62 

63 

5530 

18.770 

17 

63 

64 

465.0 

17.146 

14 

64 

65 

370.0 

14.848 

9 

65 

66 

290.0 

12.675 

13 

66 

67 

240.5 

11-459 

10 

67 

68 

199.0 

10.348 

9 

68 

69 

154-5 

8.770 

5 

69 

70 

118.0 

7-315 

3 

70 

71 

90-5 

6.124 

5 

71 

72 

68.0 

5-014 

5 

72 

73 

51-0 

4.089 

I 

73 

74 

45 -o 

3.916 

2 

74 

75 

33-5 

3.161 

7 

75 

76 

18.0 

1.842 

I 

76 

77 

15-0 

1.666 

2 

77 

78 

II.O 

1.329 

78 

79 

8.5 

I.I  20 

79 

80 

4.0 

■578 

80 

81 

3-0 

.476 

81 

82 

2.0 

.348 

I 

82 

Total, 

124,526.0 

1464.923 

975 

Toial. 

■■     —    ■— ▼■ 

o 

< 

1 

t^ 

X 

. 

r- 

0     a) 

o 

<c 

o 

10 

•»• 

? 

•o 

o 

iO 

^ 

J 

-< 

0) 

0 

* 

Q)>;                                       ojo                                        (I'n           -a-iqiun^^ 

< 

Providcul  Life  and  Trus/  Company.  1 9 


TABLE  IV. 


This  Table  antl  Chart  B,  show  the  corresponding  facts 

as  to  probable  and  actual  amount  of  loss  in  dollars  that 

Fable  III  and  Chart  A  show  for  the  number  of  Policies. 


20 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


TABLE   W.— (Sec  Chart  B.) 

coMrARisoiN  ()!•    iiii';  .\(  rr.\i.  and  i'Roi;a]!I.k  amount  termi- 

NATKI)    \\\    I)1;AT11.     FUR  EACH    ACE. 


\"C 

Probiihle  Amount  to 

\"L- 

Avcrai;(j  Ainoiip.l 

be  Icniiiiialcil  by 

Aiitial  Aniuunl 

ill 

Exposure. 

Exposed. 

death    by    American 
Experience  Table. 

lerminaled. 

II 

$500.00 

$3-758 

II 

12 

1,000.00 

7.543 

12 

13 

2,000.00 

15-138 

13 

1-4 

9,000.00 

68.364 

14 

IS 

29,500.00 

225.203 
460.878 

15 

16 

60,159.00 

$2,000 

.    16 

17 

95,818.00 

736.649 

17 

18 

171,715-50 

1,326.845 

18 

19 

337,800.50 

2,623.021 

1,000 

19 

20 

766,208.50 

5,980.257 
11,533-826 

2,000 

20 

21 

21 

1,468,342.00 

11.500 

2  2 

2,489,056.00 

19,678.477 

30,500  • 

2  2 

23 

3,740,555-00 

29,767.337 

26,564 

-0 

24 

5,158,270.00 

41,322.901 

38,000 

24 

25 

6,465,397-50 

52,143.431 
64,043-734 

16,500 

25 

26 

7,877,458.00 

34,000 

26 

27 

9,016,183.50 

73,905-656 

57,000 

27 

28 

10,224,900.50 

84,498.576 

46,450 

28 

29 

11,319,048.00 

94,457-455 

67,995 

29 

30 

12,214,991.00 

102,935.729 

39,525 
70,161 

30 

31 

31 

13,018,046.50 

110,783-575 

32 

13,692,640.50 

117,852.557 

65,573 

0- 

33 

14,506,122.50 

126,464.375 

113,670 

v?3 

34 

14,909,175-00 

131,662,924 

70,300 

34 

3.S 

14,934,384.00 

133,602.999 

66,691 

88,008 

35 
36 

36 

14,950,803.00 

135,887.848 

37 

14,841,648.50 

137,047-782 

69,437 

37 

3« 

14,484,742.00 

136,272.452 

102,012 

38 

39 

14,215,676.00 

136,271.469 

76,243 

39 

40 

13,745,609.00 

134,624.494 

96,519 

40 

41 

13,163,724.50 

131,742.554 

81,1  10 

4' 

42 

12,411,245-50 

127,240.085 

87,783 

42 

43 

1 ',793,291-00 

124.030.038 

112,429 

43 

44 

11,047,286.50 

119,631.064 

91,796 

44 

45 

10,836.591.50 

120,968.870 

88,66s 

45 

Provident  Life  a)id  Trust  ConipiDiy 


21 


TABLE  \W.— {Continued. \ 


Age 
at 

Fiohahle  Amount  to 

A"i- 

^Vvcrage  Amount 

lie  terminated  by 

Aitual  Amount 

at 

Exposure. 

ExjjObecJ. 

deatli    by   American 
Experience  Table. 

Si  17,501.866 

terminated. 
$1  21,300 

Exposure. 

46 

$10,162,763.00 

46 

47 

9,694,821.00 

I '6,337-852 

49,303 

47 

4'S 

9,1  19,21  1. 00 

114,072.210 

36,000 

48 

49 

8,461,864.00 

110,901.189 

85,707 

49 

50 

7,690,299.00 

105,980.010 

90,285 

50 

51 

7,018,502.00 

102,056.038 

50,091 

5' 

52 

6,618,427.00 

101,850.972 

59,885 

52 

53 

6,357,090-00 

103,830.351 

99,930 

53 

54 

5,798,261.50 

100,866.556 

110,978  • 

•      54 

55 
56 

5,281,717.00 

98,086.766 
90,839.581 

62,128 

55 
56 

4,568,246.50 

65,833 

57 

3,965,561.00 

84,605.244 

65,750 

57 

5S 

3,501,654-00 

80,313-936 

54,441 

58 

59 

3,156,063.00 

78,017.877 

35,253 

59 

60 

2,676,702.50 

71,449-219 

33,000 

60 

61 

2,256,802.00 

65,176.442 

51,931 

61 

62 

1,957,540.00 

61,255.342 

37,837 

62 

63 

I  669,877.50 

56,680.651 

77,480 

63 

64 

io75,577-oo 

50,721.650 

59,640 

t     64 

65 
66 

1,106,102.00 

44,386.767 
38,818.700 

22,535 

65 

888,157.50 

38,240 

66 

67 

750,004  00 

35,735-441 

24,500 

67 

68 

589,857.00 

30,673-744 

18,500 

68 

69 

419,299-50 

23,800.278 

8,821 

69 

70 

332,710.00 
234,037-00 

20,625.691 
15,714.317 

1 1,020 

70 
71 

71 

1 1,800 

72 

175,062.00 

13,040.565 

25,000  < 

.       72 

73 

127,397.00 

10,214.437 

1,000 

73 

74 

115,195-00 

10,025.190 

1,282 

74 

75 

91,965.00 

8,678.829 

11,650. 

75 

76 

50,915.00 

5.209.165 

2,000 

76 

77 

45,915-00 

5,099  504 

6,000  , 

77 

7'^ 

33,835-00 

4,088.182 

78 

79 

24,335-00 

3,205.747 

79 

80 

10,835.00 

1,565.289 

80 

Si 

5,835-00 

925.460 

81 

82 

3,335-oo 

581.280 
$4,492,750,202 

3,000  < 
$3,085,551 

,         83 

■rut;l!. 

Total, 

S38o.334/>59-oo 

,.       .     ^.. 

A. 

1 

a 

1 

-^ 

f* 

OS 

ti 

.S    * 

P 

^^ 

« 

-1 

« 

i.    D 

^ 

o 

- 

m 

n 

^ 

< 

o 

o 
e 

c  • 

6 
o 

1 

6 

o 

• 

IUU01.UV 

6 
< 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


TABLES  V  and  VI. 

In  the  Charts  A  and  B,  casual  observers  will  probably 
be  struck  with  the  irregularity  of  the  actual  line  of  ckiath 
loss  as  compared  with  the  probable.  Tables  V  and  W 
and  Charts  C  and  D  are  [)repared  to  smooth  out  those 
irregularities  and  to  show  the  experience  in  groups  of 
five  ages  instead  of  for  each  age.  This  gives  an  o])j)or- 
tunity  for  an  average,  and  on  the  Charts  the  actual  line 
presents  a  more  regular  appearance  and  falls  within  the 
probable  line  in  all  but  one  unimportant  group. 


26 


Provident  Life  and  Trusl  Company 


a 

H 

r 

W 

I— 1 

u 

h-1 

a, 

r/f 

Uh 

W 

-^ 

o 

(^ 

< 

w 

w 

£0 

> 

D 

f^H 

^, 

fe 

o 

>    " 


« 

-< 

-1 

CP 

m 

< 

Pi 

h 

^ 

Q 

^ 

-< 

^  ^. 


1-1 


o 


lo    O 

lO 

O 

in 

o 

lO 

o 

lo    O     >r) 

o 

lO    ri 

l-l       <N 

M 

ro 

ro 

-t 

-r 

lO 

lO  O     VD 

r^ 

I^   CO 

' 

a; 

O     O 

o 

O 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o    o    o 

O 

o    o 

OS 

o 

hH        \0 

H^ 

Mil 

h- 

o 

1— 1 

VO 

M       O         W 

VO 

►H        O 

H 

M 

M 

ro 

ro 

-t 

-t 

LO      U-)    VO 

VO 

I^    l-~ 

5  li 

<! 

CO 

OS 

r^ 

Os 

-t- 

M 

VO 

0\     lO     w 

o 

r-^    ro 

VO 

r^ 

M 

M 

lO 

M 

^O 

VO 

ON 

l-O      M      VO 

Cv 

ON      -t 

VO 

o  £ 

q 

r^ 

<J^ 

>o 

M3 

i^ 

vq 

t--.  vq  vq 

l^ 

CO       lO 

vq 

H 

w    o 

Ci     *J 

^ 

O      lO 

O 

O 

CO 

CO 

CO 

M 

lO      CN      " 

o 

o    -1- 

m 

•^,  = 

•+ 

'CO 

o 

-t 

U-) 

ri 

M       I^   vO 

-t 

r-» 

■^  p 

M 

M 

1—1 

HH 

M 

CT» 

'^^  £  ^ 

_^  (t) 

^H 

^ 

■~     ^ 

i>    D  ':=! 

o-^  S 

u-1    ■* 

U-) 

o 

o 

M 

„ 

„ 

ri      O      t~- 

r^ 

•+      CN 

ro 

ber 
eatl 
riei 

-+  vO 

CO 

VO 

t-H 

rO 

b^ 

CO 

-t    CO      r- 

VO 

O     to 

M 

w     CO 

CO 

'Tt- 

On 

CO 

q 

M 

t^     ro    y 

LT^/ 

CO     ro 

O 

£-  ?^ 

4 

•^ 

ro 

Xi-) 

M 

>.' 

lO 

l-O    00       1^' 

d 

ri      r-^ 

^ 

,->.>< 

VO 

•+ 

O 

M 

o 

I^ 

LO     M       On 

LO 

ri 

VO 

'^.;f  W 

1-1 

(S 

<M 

(^4 

>-l 

1— 1       1— 1 

^ 

:^  5  rt 

w 

^  ti  o 

Ki    s    - 

(i  .^     (D 

^^1 

•r 

'LJ 

O 

.   "o     . 

q    q 

to 

O 

li-) 

q 

q 

q 

to  q    q 

q 

q     to 

q 

Cs  VO 

CO 

d 

M 

d 

c> 

"■o 

vo'    fo  CO 

ri 

co'    i-i' 

vd 

l-c        M 

\o 

t— • 

c^ 

r^ 

o 

o 

LO      lO    VO 

O 

CO    VO 

1*1 

S  o  o^ 

o 

C/D 

-^ 

lO 

O^ 

o 

lo  vq    t--. 

q^ 

N 

lO 

<'l$ 

\o' 

t^ 

•■o 

ro 

<> 

-t 

Cs    >0    ri' 

l-< 

-t- 

"^ 

r» 

M 

'^ 

ri 

X 

lo    O 

io 

o 

>o 

O 

lO 

o 

lO    O      >o 

o 

lO     M 

1-1      ri 

l^l 

ro 

<-o 

-r 

-t 

>o 

lO  VO     VO 

I^ 

l^    CO 

, : 

il 

O     O 

r;. 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

O      O      O 

Q 

°       - 

n 

-^  ■ 

■^ 

■^ 

p 

-1    O 

■— ' 

O 

•—1 

VO 

t— ' 

^ 

-    VO      w 

VO 

«     \o 

r~* 

I"! 

M 

i-O 

<-o 

1- 

-t 

lo   lo  o 

VO 

t^    1^ 

Pj^ovidcnt  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


E-" 

U 

U 

<: 
2   •/ 


U1 

o 

o 

O      lo 

o 

lO 

O     LO    O 

lO 

PI 

)-H 

N 

M 

f-n 

PO 

-1-   -t- 

LO 

lO 

lO    ^      t^ 

r— 

X 

* 

1) 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o    o 

o 

o 

o    c    o 

O 

o 

n 

<^ 

r^ 

M 

o 

»^ 

vO 

HN 

O      " 

o 

^-t 

o    -   o 

— 

o 

1^ 

PI 

N 

PO 

PO    -t- 

-t 

lO 

U-)  O    O 

r^ 

r^ 

2  JJ 

O     "^ 

* 

<1 

o 

o 

PO 

PC 

U~>     11 

l~-. 

o 

r^  O      lO 

O 

M 

r^ 

'z'2 

■^ 

o 

:o 

p« 

PO   -f 

r^ 

u-> 

PI     Cn    r^- 

OC 

PO 

X 

•t- 

r^ 

UO 

>>c 

\o     t^ 

\q 

I-^ 

o    :o   vq 

CC 

to 

O 

^  Oi 

o 

■z.  o 

rt   -^ 

'/> 

^ 

^ 

~  — ■ 

o 

-t 

o 

in 

cr\   PO 

lO 

PI 

r^    PO    - 

PI 

O 

i-i 

5  5 

o 

VO 

t^ 

o 

^    cc 

o 

H- 

t^    PI    cc 

PO 

o 

m 

-  o 

q 

o_ 

a^ 

PO 

PI     r^ 

lO 

q^ 

PI    -r   o 

t^ 

q^ 

uo 

<  = 

vo 

CO 

-t 

o' 

PI      t-i 

pf 

PO 

-t   o  - 

o 

^- 

vo 

"S  s 

W4 

M 

-t 

y: 

PO.O 

cc 

cc 

lo    -t    O 

lO 

— 

00 

"s  £ 

t-i 

PI 

PO 

't  -+ 

PO 

PO 

PJ           PI          WH 

q^ 

■5    r^ 

CO 

-^^ 

m 

.'                  f' 

5  i>  "t; 

"•£75 

—      >^^ 

o 

O 

p) 

o 

o 

m    - 

r^ 

PO 

r^    PI     ■+ 

00 

r- 

PI 

2":  "^ 

o 

lO 

r^ 

lO 

PO 

-t    - 

PI 

X 

<0     lO     lO 

PO 

p) 

o 

o 

o 

Cn 

^- 

-t- 

q  o 

— 

vO 

X    X    cc 

PO 

sq 

p) 

=   n.5 

d 

r^ 

lO 

►_■ 

o 

-f   pj 

PO 

d 

vo    d     PO 

PO 

-f- 

d 

s^l 

N 

M 

-t 

-+ 

o 

o    « 

o. 

c> 

PI       PI       U-) 

r-« 

r-» 

m 

ro 

t—i 

•+ 

-C^ 

PO 

_   vq^ 

t~- 

o^ 

P»     f^^  o 

vq 

o 

r^ 

=V3, 

y^ 

-f' 

o> 

6 

O      PO 

-f 

vo' 

lo  cc"   Cs 

r^ 

6' 

C4 

l-l 

U-) 

M 

cc     w 

o 

o 

O     r^    -+ 

U-! 

PI 

I-" 

•^ 

VO 

VO    MD 

lO 

lO 

f     M      -^ 

"^  «.ii 

^ 

"§•='5 

m 

c"  =  c 

^      < 

_ 

O 

o 

O 

o 

o 

O      O 

o 

o 

O      O      O 

O 

o 

o 

5 

O 

1J-) 

lO 

q 

lO 

IJ-)   q 

q 

lO 

q    lo   q 

o 

q 

o 

Q 

d 

>-< 

d 

„' 

cc 

yi    cs 

vi 

r^ 

t-^  X    cc 

vd 

io 

Cs 

<       1 

o 

o 

ri 

cc 

vO 

r^    ro 

lO 

C\ 

PI      Cs    PI 

to 

O 

'O 

o^ 

t-~ 

O^ 

^ 

PO 

t   "^ 

Cn 

qv 

PI    CC      O 

so 

o 

sq 

■J       ~, 

rT 

1^ 

IM 

pT 

o' 

zc    pT 

OO' 

PO 

X     to    o 

PO 

to 

-f 

yjpr 

-i- 

<n 

ri 

lO 

o 

PO  lo 

PI 

r->. 

VO    O     X 

-t 

t^ 

''O 

2u 

■m. 

-t 

'V 

vo 

q^ 

PI     PI 

l-l 

q^ 

00^    PO     C^ 

t~~ 

•-I 

PO 

•■J 

i_r 

C\ 

d 

■_r 

pi    c^ 

lO 

i_r 

rC  ic      pi 

d 

< 

to 

r~ 

r^   lo 

-t- 

PO 

tH 

00 
PO 

li-j 

o 

in 

o 

»r> 

O       lO 

O 

m 

O     lo    O 

to 

M 

ri 

M 

PO 

"^ 

'1-    -1- 

lO 

lO 

\0    VO     r-» 

r~ 

oo 

o 

O 

O 

o 

O 

O     0 

O 

O 

2  °  2 

O 

o 

^ 

^ 

O 

„ 

vO 

^ 

O      p- 

o 

„ 

o    -  o 

^ 

o 

^ 

PI 

PI 

"■O 

•-o   -1- 

-f 

lO 

lO  O     vO 

r^ 

r- 

/ 

/ 

1 

/ 

'i      0 

•-    .1 

>    1 

"^      0 

5    ^ 

) 

,.„ 

Z                                           (";| 

noil 

fl 

;           .i>)<;|Uiii\- 

*'5 

O    CD 
■dp*-' 

<,   aj 

^° 


P 

C       • 
C    cc 


15 

> 

^ 

wi-i 

^^ 

M 

Ti  1 

0 

Oi 

X 

^ 

0. 

Vj 

^ 

H 

0 

o-J 

n 

,^ 

;? 

r* 

^ 

Cu 

0) 

rO 

t:) 

cd 

>. 

E- 

X) 

o 

TT 

(13 

0; 

C/D 

Cd 

Q 

>- 

H 

0; 
■j-i 

c: 

^ 

^ 

^ 

n 

M-l 

(! 

J— 

o 

r- 

o   ^ 


c  ;: 

o    >. 


i 

QQ 

0 

'•5 

1 

i 

C            ,3 
CB            0 

4: 

•    0             0 

--  - 

o 

g 

Q 

§ 

1 

\ 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Covipauy 


TABLE  VII. 

In  this  table  the  Policies  are  arranoed  so  that  observa- 
tions  can  be  made  upon  them  according  to  the  length 
of  time  they  have  been  in  force.  It  will  be  seen  that  in  the 
year  of  entrance  the  actual  deaths  are  but  Z^^-^'f  of  the 
probable,  and  that  there  is  a  regular  increase  in  this  per- 
centage until  the  third  year,  after  which  the  ratios  are 
more  even.  The  figures  will  probably  be  better  appre- 
ciated by  reference  to  Chart  E,  where  the  red  line  repre- 
sents the  expected  mortality  and  the  black  line  the  actual, 
or  perhaps  it  is  still  more  plainly  shown  in  Chart  F  where 
the  red  line  is  madct  to  represent  the  basis  of  ioo7'  by  the 
American  Fable  and  the  black  line  shows  the  percentage 
which  the  actual  deaths  bear  to  it.  Care  should  be  taken 
however  in  Chart  F  to  compare  it  with  Chart  E,  espec- 
ially in  the  striking  case  of  the  19th  year,  where  Chart  F 
would  seem  to  show  that  there  was  a  very  large  excess 
in  the  actual  result  over  the  expected,  but  a  reference 
to  Table  \\\  will  show  that  it  is  only  a  difference  of  3 
policies,  or  a  glance  at  Chart  IC  will  discover  the  very 
small  space  between  the  expected  and  actual.  To  those 
familiar  with  such  diagrams,  this  explanation  is  uncalled 
for,  but  casual  observers  should  bear  in  mind  in  this  and 
other  charts  that  such  irregularities  are  likely  to  occur 
when  there  are  too  few  observations  ox  exposures  to 
produce  an  average. 


34 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company, 


^  5 

c  o 

w  w 


J   i:' 


q  ':^ 


o 


K 

.     O 

PI 

ro 

-t 

lO 

VO 

r^ 

CO 

o 

O 

1) 

>< 

O 

5      • 

5  ^ 

r— 

„ 

oo 

PI 

o 

P) 

r^ 

Cn 

-t- 

o 

t^ 

<| 

lO 

o\ 

CO 

r-- 

Cs 

Cs 

pi 

i^ 

LO 

PI 

CN 

rO 

-^ 

LO 

t^ 

r^ 

t^ 

r^ 

CO 

LO 

CO 

r^ 

^  ^^ 

rt 

^ 

.^ 

5 

-p  _■ 

II 

fO 

ro 

)_< 

PI 

CO 

lO 

r-^ 

1— 1 

o 

-t 

^O 

'I- 

O 

o 

w 

C\ 

CO 

VD 

r^ 

-1- 

LO 

-+ 

•^  ■? 

►^ 

•-1 

'-' 

e  a 

y     !- 

■C   <u 

<o    •" 

^ 

■;^        o 

:—        •^- 

u   0)   rt 

-"•SH 

1> 

o 

o 

CO 

PO 

o 

-t 

lO 

-1- 

lO 

CO 

„ 

c '      c; 

CO 

r^ 

r^ 

o 

o 

CO 

o 

On 

lO 

o 

On 

"T  -^  .i! 

rO 

^O 

CO 

ON 

c> 

PO 

l-l 

t^ 

p< 

PO 

NO 

^35 

6 

a-. 

iJ 

-f 

P-S 

r^ 

PI 

d 

p) 

LO 

r-^ 

PI 

o 

r^ 

-f 

pi' 

o 

o 

CO 

t^ 

o 

LO 

p  "^  X 

CJ 

:2    ^I:i-i 

l^i-^    E 

^  ?,    t5 

">i:  <u  o 

?    s 

«;    < 

' 

qj        "^ 

-^     ;ii 

£       o 

q 

O 

O 

>o 

>o 

LO 

q 

q 

LO 

lO 

>o 

S          P> 

i^i 

-t 

c> 

C?N 

6 

-t 

o 

lO 

o 

t-^ 

On 

1^  >—  nj 

1^ 

ri 

KH 

r^ 

lO 

o 

PI 

O 

PI 

Cn 

PO 

rj 

r-- 

-f- 

PO 

q 

''I 

VO^ 

-1- 

"? 

t^ 

O 

^       ^ 

N 

o' 

\o' 

PO 

►H 

6^ 

r^ 

o 

LO 

't 

'f 

^ 

M 

l-l 

" 

'-' 

<u       .-« 

<    2 

O 

PI 

PO 

T)- 

to 

VO 

r~ 

CO 

On 

o 

a; 

> 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company 


35 


~ 

rt 

t-i 

N 

rO 

-+ 

U-) 

\o 

t^ 

«3 

Cv 

o 

o 

w 

»-( 

w 

H^ 

H^ 

^ 

hH 

PI 

*Q 

>< 

o 

rt     . 

*" 

2    lj 

5i 

O 

r^ 

r/^ 

>o 

1— < 

CN 

1-1 

Cs 

r^ 

q 

MD 

u-j 

r^ 

Cn 

PI 

PI 

PO 

in 

O 

-f- 

vC 

O 

r^ 

O 

l^» 

^q 

o 

o 

CO 

C\ 

vq 

"^    p 

►,■ 

0  -" 

rt 

^y 

•*^ 

OJ 

/3       • 

S  5 

N 

'^j 

-t 

l-H 

-t- 

V-H 

CO 

o 

o 

o 

m 

fO 

r^ 

N 

P) 

1-1 

— 

r^ 

■^1 

CTi 

v!    K 

<s,      *-• 

■^ 

•;;        nJ 

c:      ^ 

■■_>   u  c: 

"  —  H 

■L» 

^     >.  "-> 

r^-5^'-' 

M 

O 

P) 

Cs 

o 

<o 

o 

PO 

h-( 

-t 

fi^ 

O           C 

u-> 

r~- 

PI 

lO 

o 

PI 

CC 

CO 

CO 

PI 

■*-*  ^    (L> 

ri 

-t 

o 

Cn 

LO 

PI 

PI 

^ 

q 

-t 

Cn 

4>    '«  '^ 
S     '^     X 

O 

M 

-f 

CO 

PI 

r^ 

PI 

t-^ 

PO 

T}- 

-1- 

-1- 

PO 

PI 

PI 

"" 

" 

y.-^  = 

■Vj  ?.    « 

■>  ii  o 

"?:«■%: 

^      < 

1     1 

=       9 

O 

U-) 

o 

U-) 

o 

lO 

o 

in 

q 

q 

q 

-J    o 

d 

lO 

-f 

d 

I^ 

CC 

J. 

m' 

co' 

lO 

^' 

ro 

ON 

CO 

o 

N 

O 

PI 

1^ 

LO 

PI 

PI 

ro 

vq^ 

q^ 

o^ 

PI 

Cs 

o 

po 

lO 

ro 

pP 

pr 

** 

— 

PI 

0)        .— 

•<    ;S 

c 

rt 

1-1 

PI 

PO 

-if 

lO 

o 

r~- 

CO 

CN 

O 

"rt 

V 

•— ' 

^— 

t-H 

N- 

HH 

k— 

M 

b« 

t^ 

N 

o 

^ 

H 

I 


^ '  \ 


42  Provident  Life  and  Iriist  Couipany. 


TABLE  VIII. 

In  all  the  preceding-  tables  the  American  Tal)le  of 
Mortality  has  been  the  basis  for  comparison,  but  in  this 
the  Combined  Experience  Table  is  substituted.  This 
Mortality  Table  is  used  in  many  of  the  States  as  the 
standard  for  valuation  of  policies,  notably  when  the  re- 
serves are  calculated  with  interest  at  4'/  .  it  is  designated 
by  the  several  names:  Combined  Experience,  Old  Actu- 
aries', or  I  7  British  Offices  Table.  By  a  Comparison  of 
the  expected  deaths  with  the  actual  it  will  be  seen  that  in 
the  youngest  and  oldest  ages  the  ratio  of  actual  deaths  is 
larger,  than  is  shown  in  Table  V  by  the  American  Table, 
but  that  in  the  medium  ages  where  most  of  the  exposures 
occur  the  ratio  of  actual  deaths  is  smaller,  and  that  in  the 
total  result  the  actual  deaths  are  but  61  ^\f/(,  of  the  probable 
deaths  by  the  Combined  Experience  Table,  instead  of 
66,\%  as  shown  in  Table  V  by  the  American  Experience 
Table. 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company 


43 


>^    w 


o  y 

u 

„  ^-  y. 


J    b  (^ 
m   2  o 

<: 

h 


^ 

:?; 

n 

1— 1 

•^ 

< 

u 
w 
y. 

J 

^ 

< 

Lj 

u 

< 

" 

lO     O 

VO 

o 

»o 

O 

U-) 

O     lO    O     "^ 

O      >0    CI 

1-1       M 

w 

fO 

ro 

'^f 

-t- 

m    lo  VO    VO 

1—     t-~   X 

^ 

o    o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o    o    o    o 

°  2  2 

o 

< 

w     VO 

„ 

VO 

M 

VO 

„ 

VO      *-■    VO      1- 

VO      -    VO 

H 

IH        l-c 

N 

M 

rO 

ro 

'i- 

^    U-)    irj  vO 

vo     r-    t^ 

_o 

t^      . 

2  ^ 

5-^ 

o  o 

ro 

lO 

o 

l-H 

C\ 

ro     ro    in    ro 

CO     lo  00 

Cv 

•    o 

o 

o 

h- 1 

l-O 

o 

1-1      ro    ro     Cs 

ro    i^    -t- 

)-t 

h-< 

I^ 

lO 

lO 

VO 

I-~ 

VO     VO       to     LO 

r^  CO     LO 

VO 

'^^ 

' 

HH 

o  '-' 

rt 

« 

L4 

1) 

-^  _-• 

C    m 

^1 

O      lO 

o 

o 

CO 

CO 

ro 

M      lO     Cn     i-< 

o    o    1- 

VO 

-^ 

CO 

o 

■* 

u-i 

M     w     r^  O 

^      (N 

2  ~ 

i  u 

o  -J 

< 

-        6 

ti   OJ  "rt 

-4=H 

'^    "    (U 

-~     I^C  '-J 

«    o 

l_l 

r^ 

C) 

M 

r^ 

VO      Ov     O    VO 

CO  00     f^ 

^ 

ro    D 

Ov 

CO 

es 

1— 1 

t~-. 

-      rO     O      -t 

O    VO      O 

00 

Jl'l 

M        IT) 

-f 

d 

1-     VO      t-^  CO 

CJ    00      fT) 

q 
»o 

P        ^         X 

lO 

-+ 

hH 

fO 

NH 

Cn   CO      'I-     O 

LO     M 

t-^ 

5  >>a 

" 

M 

N 

N 

M         M         H-         1-^ 

"? 

12;-^ 

M 

iilc 

1=1 

p         o 

^    ^ 

1  1 

g       o 

o    o 

lO 

o 

LT) 

o 

q 

O     lo    O     O 

O     O     LO 

o 

<<  I—  Lij 
0^    °    « 

On   O 

CO 

d 

!_' 

d 

Os 

<■')  O      ro  co' 

ri    oo'      1-' 

vd 

H-l       M 

o 

t— 1 

Cs 

t^ 

o 

O     lo    lo  O 

O    CO    VO 

(S 

VO 

lO 

to 

d^ 

0_     >0  vO_^     t-^ 

-f       C>      LO      N 

q    N 

LO 

r^      -r; 

l-H 

M 

N 

^^ 

H^ 

M 

^              U 

o      ^ 

•^ 

>       o 

<      (U 

»0     O 

»o 

O 

u-> 

O 

U-) 

O     lo    O     lo 

O       LO     N 

1-1       N 

M 

CO 

ro 

Tf 

'i- 

lO      LO    VO      VO 

t^    t^   00 

•« 

60 

o    o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

O 

o    o    o    o 

o    o    o 

"rt 

o 

< 

E_i 

M      VO 

HH 

VO 

H-* 

VO 

^rt 

VO        M      VO        ■- 

VD      -    VO 

l-l           l-H 

N 

M 

ro 

<-o 

-f 

"i-    LO   lo  o 

VO       t^     t^ 

44  Provide  III  fj/c  and  Trusl  Coinpiniy. 


TABLE  IX. 

In  this  is  presented  a  comparison  of  the  actual  amount 
of  Insurance  terminated  by  death,  with  the  probable 
amount  by  the  Combined  Experience  Table  in  (groups  ot 
five  ages.  If  this  table  is  compared  with  Table  VI  it  will  be 
seen  that  by  the  Combined  Experience  Table  the  actual 
loss  was  but  63/5  %  of  the  probable,  and  that  by  the 
American  Experience  Table  it  was  68/^  %.  Tables  Mil 
and  IX  are  illustrated  by  Chart  G,  which  shows  the  per- 
centages which  the  actual  number  and  amount  terminated 
by  death  bear  to  the  expected  number  and  amount  by  the 
Combined  Experience  Table. 

This  Chart  is  also  interesting  as  showing  how  nearly 
parallel  the  experience  runs  on  the  number  of  Policies, 
and  the  amount  of  Insurance. 


Providoil  Life  and  Ti'itst  Company 


45 


w 

— 

'-J 

'/ 

'/: 

^ 

<^ 

T) 

Li 

V 

r. 

^ 

^<        r 

■J      l-J 


'vj 

X 

> 

c^ 

"U 

LJ 

3 

^) 

<_r 

1 

X 

X 

■r. 

x 

1—4 

" ' 

Cd 

i; 

'_, 

J 

< 

^ 

OQ 

— 

z^ 

<: 

^ 

X 

H 

X 

_:- 

'J  — 


ooooooooo 


r~^    t^  cc 

o    o    o 


—    O      i-HVO      i-i\0      —    O      >-0      t-vO      i-vo 


re    -t 

fl     X 

-I-      CN   VO 

o 

lO 

-+ 

O     CO 

IJO 

r-^ 

yo    tr 

CN      O 

O      ^        CN 

'O 

-1- 

O 

'•r>   lo 

<-o 

c- 

-t    OD 

ijp  o 

O      NO       U-1 

NO 

U-) 

CC 

NO   CO 

U-) 

NO 

O 

^ 

O 

lO 

C\ 

ro 

u-> 

M 

r^ 

fO 

HH 

M 

o 

M 

o 

NO 

r--. 

ON 

■-I 

00 

On 

1^ 

t^ 

M 

CO 

<-o 

f> 

to 

C) 

C) 

On 

ro 

M 

r^ 

lO 

n 

M 

rj- 

o 

t-~ 

n 

lO 

>r) 

CO 

-t 

NO 

N 

^ 

M 

ro 

-1- 

CN 

kH 

o 

HH 

'yi 

M 

-t 

CO 

FO 

NO 

CO 

CO 

lO 

t 

() 

U-) 

HH 

00 

01 

ro 

-t- 

^ 

m 

ro 

CI 

r\ 

CO 

ro 

-t 

NO 

o 

CO 

lO 

NO 

CN 

>o 

o 

CN 

r^ 

-t 

O 

<N| 

HH 

CN 

NO 

NO 

ro 

r-^ 

fl 

>o 

r^ 

-f- 

CO 

CO 

NO 

Cn 

OC 

X> 

lO 

PI 

CN 

o 

M 

-1- 

NO 

NO 

r^ 

N 

-r 

Cn 

M 

o 

fO 

fO 

CN 

t^ 

NO 

-t 

■+ 

00 

IT) 

rt- 

NO 

_ 

O 

00 

CN 

-t 

CO 

C) 

M 

1— t 

•i- 

r^ 

lO 

U-) 

U-) 

o 

o 

NO 

M 

M 

"•O 

-t 

^ 

—> 

lO 

)-^ 

U-) 

CN 

ri 

-^ 

U-) 

U-) 

■«J- 

o 

r^ 

-1- 

lO 

irj 

Cn 

». 

o 

NO 

O 

O 

CN 

O 

»-* 

-t 

— 

ro 

-^ 

NO 

-t- 

o 

NO 

NO 

u-> 

N 

00 

'-' 

-T 

*C 

r^ 

NO 

NO 

m 

-f 

"^ 

" 

Tt- 

m 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o 

O 

O 

O 

o 

O 

O 

o 

o 

O 

o 

-:i 

o 

m 

lO 

o 

>o 

to 

O 

O 

in 

O 

lO 

o 

o 

O 

o 

3 

o 

M 

o 

w 

CO 

CO 

CN 

CO 

r-~ 

r^ 

CO 

CO 

NO 

m 

CN 

5  ~i 

o 

O 

INI 

CO 

NO 

t^ 

ro 

lO 

CN 

PI 

Cs 

PI 

in 

O 

in 

o 

r^ 

NO 

lO 

PO 

•i- 

(-1 

CN 

CN 

PI 

CO 

() 

NO 

O 

NO 

-f    ^. 

N 

I-. 

» 

PI 

o 

00 

<N| 

CO 

PO 

oc 

in 

o 

ro 

in 

-1- 

-1- 

r') 

M 

lO 

NO 

fO 

<o 

PI 

r-~ 

NO 

NO 

CO 

-+ 

1^ 

PO 

to  y. 

'jO 

■^ 

ro 

o 

o 

(M 

PI 

^ 

O 

CO 

ro 

CN 

t^ 

— 

PO 

i-i 

Cs 

o 

1-1 

M 

o 

u-i 

w 

r^ 

CO 

PI 

o 

Ave 

H^ 

<o 

1^ 

I^ 

lO 

-f 

rn 

h-l 

CO 

po 

■6^ 

U-) 

O 

u-> 

o 

lO 

n 

lO 

o 

'n 

o 

in 

o 

m 

PI 

.^• 

>-< 

ri 

ri 

"■o 

ro 

-r 

-f 

lO 

m 

•o 

NO 

I— 

1^ 

CO 

' 

u 

o 

O 

O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

c; 
o 

<■ 

*"* 

*   ■" 

■^^ 

*^ 

'*-' 

■*^ 

■*"* 

'-' 

*^ 

*^ 

■*"' 

*  ■' 

*^ 

*-* 

1-4 

NO 

M 

NO 

^ 

NO 

I-I 

o 

M 

NO 

1-4 

NO 

iM 

NO 

' 

" 

^^ 

M 

rl 

rr: 

T: 

-1- 

-1- 

lO 

in 

o 

NO 

r^ 

I^ 

0    ^i^    . 


^^^-^^ 

.^<^>^ 

^ 

\Sv 

H.' 

/ 

■v 

"\ 

•0 

\ 

i 

"?  l\ 

S 

\ 

/ 

O  /  / 

■>^ 

/ 

s 

/ 

s 

^\\ 

^ 

^' 

A\ 

,. 

< 

o\ 

^ 

iN 

Ss 

\ 

'^ 

^\ 

■^ 

^\ 

>; 

■i: 

1 

:3 

^ 

•  **■ 

«      / 

01        y 

r<:__ 

^--==>-^ 

<^ 

^ 

■V 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company.  49 


TABLE  X. 

As  heretofore  explained  the  preceding  tables  so  far  as 
they  relate  to  the  mimbers  at  risk  or  members  of  deaths 
represent  policies,  but  the  Tables  which  follow  deal  with 
lives  rather  than  policies.  The  usual  methods  have  been 
adopted  for  counting-  but  once  in  the  same  year  of  ex- 
posure the  same  life,  and  the  male  and  female  lives  have 
been  separated.  This  Table  represents  the  Experience 
of  the  Company  on  its  male  lives  for  each  calendar  year 
and  corresponds  to  Table  I  as  to  policies. 


50 


lYoiudoit  Life  and  Tnisl  Company 


O     Cri 


X 

w 

w 

w 

J 

'—> 

m 

y, 

<; 

h 

UJ 

VO 

t~-. 

CO 

ON 

o 

PI 

ri^ 

-+ 

lO, 

o 

rt 

O 

o 

o 

\o 

l^» 

t^ 

t^ 

r^ 

i^ 

1  -^ 

o 

OO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

C/2 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

'<^ 

t— t 

■^ 

,__, 

2 

5  aJ 

CO 

o 

MD 

o 

_< 

r^ 

o 

„ 

to 

O 

o 

■^■S 

lO 

CO' 

>o 

O 

o 

o 

K) 

I-- 

o 

o 

ro 

-t 

•^ 

vq 

o 

f~- 

CO 

LO 

vq 

^ 

lO 

oOh 

'Xj 

ca 

Pi     . 

;^ 

0) 

J     . 

s  -^ 

^1 

-f 

^ 

r^ 

po 

CO 

•+ 

PO 

CO 

r^ 

■CO 

t~» 

i-i 

1— t 

PI 

r/^ 

P) 

PO 

PI 

PO 

"rt  ^^ 

5  o 

o 

-> 

rj 

ij 

^      r^      (U 

^_  5  3 

^   y   r; 

O 

o 

PO 

o 

o 

o 

-t 

1- 

PI 

t^ 

o 

•+ 

ro 

PI 

PI 

''O 

PI 

m 

I^ 

PI 

*-H 

^ 

fO 

o 

PO 

PI 

^ 

Cn 

^ 

CO 

t-^ 

o 

=  -<  g 

pi 

CO 

lO 

I-' 

1^ 

-f 

d 

CO 

-+ 

c> 

lO 

•-- 

PI 

PI 

P'J 

-t- 

-i- 

lO 

lO 

o 

•^  ^  i 

*-.    D 

^ 

o 

zL 

^• 

c   ^ 

■-  o 

IJ     Q_ 

iri 

q 

lO 

q 

q 

lO 

lO 

q 

q 

lO 

q 

"£  W 

"■O 

Cn 

!_' 

d 

Cn 

!_' 

PO 

"■o 

'■h 

d 

PI 

^ 

Cn 

ri 

r^ 

-f 

>o 

1^ 

CO 

f-i 

Cv 

CO 

-1- 

X  p 

PI 

CO 

-+ 

q^ 

"? 

-,_ 

l-~. 

-t- 

CN 

*"? 

'^ 

■i;     -^ 

^ 

pr 

PI 

PO 

r/^ 

-f 

-+ 

lO 

ir, 

|"'J 

O     dj 

<s 

<5 

u. 

^ 

r^ 

CO 

C\ 

o 

PI 

po 

-t 

lO 

MD 

rt 

o 

O 

o 

o 

f^ 

r^ 

1^ 

i^ 

r^ 

1^ 

(•>* 

u 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

'.--' 

»— » 

. 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


51 


r^       CO         CN        0         "-         M         fO        't        >n         _• 
t^i^i^cocococococo            ^ 

c-:      CO      CO      CO      CO      CO       CO      CO      CO          0 

1  ■ 

R  tio  of  Actual  to 
Proljable. 

0       1^      CI       PI      CO       CN      "^      "       fo        -^ 

5  0 

—          -l-OCO          —          ~.         -or^VO 

1■u-)•-^u-)^oo       i^r-~co         cji 

Probable   Number  of  deaths 

by  the  .\merican 

Experience  Table. 

00         PI          10        C\       CO        CO          "          0        >o 
C\        r^        —         ro        -1-        "         ro        ir>        M 
0         C^POO         LOO         r^PO-h 
co'        0       PO       0      co'         C^       -'         -f        1-^ 
00         r^        t-^       CO         CN        —         PI         p'i 

0 

M 

M 

Average  Number  of 
Male   Live>    Exposed. 

lo       U-)      10       q       in      10       0        10      U-)         0 
0         >n       0'        —         PO      CO         ro       1-^       in        co' 

CN       "        t-       -        CN       p»        '+      ic        m        CO 
cc       cs      q       19      w       o_       0       q       -_^        in 
inmoor^cocso—          -f 

--        -          0 

rt 

1 

r^      CO         cs       0         •-         ""I         PO       •+       in         — ' 
t—      i^      I  ~     CO      CO      CO      CO       CO      CO          '^ 
cococococococococo          z 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company.  53 


TABLE  XI. 


In  this  table  is  shown  the  experience  for  each  calendar 
year  for  female  lives,  corresponding  to  Table  X  for  male 
lives. 


54 


Providcnl  Life  and  l^rust  Company. 


^  S 


m 


:2:;    w 


J    c 


^  ^1^ 


«  M  M 


lO  O 

ir)         I-. 


CO 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


55 


t-~ 

CO 

C\ 

o 

M 

fo 

't 

to 

rt 

t^ 

t^ 

r- 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

oc 

00 

« 

ii 

30 

CO 

oc 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

oo 

,o 

K- 

■^ 

"rt      . 

Z3    u 

CO 

M 

-1- 

i-~ 

_ 

ri 

o 

•1- 

o 

o 

<  "s 

^ 

rg 

^ 

1^ 

o 

O 

CD 

r^ 

-t 

o 

o 

O 

iC 

lO 

o 

CO 

q 

t 

l^ 

CO 

<_  "o 

o  2 

" 

""■ 

" 

o  '- 

rt 

Si 

V 

"^    y 

•^J 

U-) 

CO 

^ 

ro 

o 

to 

(-~. 

ro 

o 

1^ 

r: 

;j 

^ 

tr. 

rt 

o 

"    ;^   ** 

^—   ^  --^ 

-  !-  « 

o 

VD 

-+ 

HH 

to 

to 

Cs 

lO 

t^ 

o 

—     ^     (U 

»^ 

r) 

^H 

o 

to 

<"0 

to 

-t 

-t- 

I--. 

o 

CO 

C\ 

<^l 

o 

CI 

t^ 

rt 

q 

•  - 

p  -^  y 

^ 

Tt- 

-f 

to 

\j~> 

o 

o 

t^ 

X 

CO 

s   -.  C 

00 

^    D 

o  ^    a- 

'^      *>     >s 

rt- W 

J 

o 

iH 

Oh 

<-« 

O 

J  I 

to 

lO 

q 

to 

q 

lO 

lO 

q 

q 

ro 

to 

6s 

q 

Cs 

5-:  ^ 

•-^ 

o 

CO 

Cn 

o 

O 

Cn 

ro 

CO 

^ 

>^  <"  2 

rf 

rO 

ro 

ro 

't 

Tf 

^ 

to 

lO 

00 

—  c 

U    «    X 

vr 

•3  -^ 

-r^ 

1^ 

CO 

CN 

O 

M 

ro 

-+ 

>o 

rt 

t--. 

r^ 

t-^ 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

"n 

CC 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

CO 

oo 

r~ 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company.  57 


TABLES  XII  and  XIII. 

These  Tables  give  in  detail,  the  actual  and  probable 
deaths  for  male  and  female  lives  for  each  age.  They  are 
the  basis  from  which  a  Mortality  Table  representing  the 
Company's  Experience  has  been  prepared  (see  Table 
XVI). 


58 


Proi'idciLi  Lijc  and  Irust  Company. 


TABLE  XII. 

(  (  iMl-AKlSOX    OK     Till-;    ACIL'AI.     AM)     I'KnKAIU.l 
MALE  LIVES  '\:VA<M\'^.\'\V.\)   \\\    Itl-Alll.       Ink 


\iMi;i.i; 


OK 


A.iic 

Avcra<;e  Xuiiibci- 

rnjlialile  \uiiilicr  of 
ileatliN  by  tlie 

Actual  Nuiubei 

Age 

at 

of  Male  Lives 

of  deaths. 

al 

Exposed. 

Aineiicaii  I'.xpeiieiice 

II 

Table. 

Exposure. 
I  1 

•5 

.004 

I  3 

I. 

.008 

I  2 

13 

2. 

•015 

'3 

•4 

3-5 

.027 

14 

15 

8. 

.061 

15 

16 

21. 

.161 

I 

16 

17 

35- 

.269 

17 

18 

64. 

■495 

18 

19 

133-5 

1.037 

I 

'9 

20 
21 

278. 
516.5 

2.1  70 

I 

20 

2  [ 

4-057 

4 

2  2 

840. 

6.641 

8 

T   T 

23 

1210.5 

9-633 

6 

^-Z 

24 

1609.5 

12.894 

10 

24 

25 
26 

2007. 

16.186  . 

4 

25 
26 

2431-5 

19.768 

7 

27 

2749- 

22.534 

'5 

27 

28 

3056. 

25-255 

1 1 

28 

29 

3340.5 

27.876 

-4 

29 

30 

3560. 

30.000 

15 

30 
31 

31 

3782. 

32.185 

20 

32 

3908. 

33-636 

'3 

32 

33 

4026. 

35-099 

25 

2)2> 

34 

4052.5 

35-7«8 

18 

34 

35 

4062. 
4047. 

36.339 

15 

35 
36 

36-783 

31 

37 

4009. 

37.019 

-7  ■> 

37 

3« 

3^*9 1 - 

36.607 

27 

38 

39 

379 '-5 

36345 

2  1 

39 

40 

3668.5 

35-929 

24 

40 

41 

3534. 

35-368 

19 

4' 

42 

3320. 

34-037 

26 

42 

43 

3124. 

32-855 

21 

13 

44 

294«.5 

31.92Q 

24 

44 

45 

2786.5 

31.106 

20 

45 

( Continued  on  next  page.) 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company 


59 


TABLE   YA\.—[Conliimc;L) 


Age 
at 

Average  Nunilier 
of  Male  Lives 

I'lohalilu  Xuiiiber  of 
(leatlis  by  the 

Actual  Number 
of  (leatlis. 

Age 
at 

Kxposure. 

Exposed. 

American  Experience 
Table. 

Exposure. 
46 

46 

-580.5 

29.836 

24 

47 

2457- 

29.484 

17 

47 

4<S 

23 '7-5 

28.990 

8 

48 

49 

2163. 

28.348 

'-2> 

49 

50 
51 

1980. 
i«23.5 

27.286 

23 
1 1 

50 
51 

26.516 

52 

1702. 

26.192 

17 

52 

53 

1603.5 

26.190 

25 

0.) 

54 

1492-5 

25.964 

24 

54 

55 
56 

1355-5 

25-173 

18 

55 
56 

1187. 

23.603 

22 

5  7 

1072.5 

22.882 

14 

57 

5'^ 

955-5 

21.915 

7 

58 

59 

>S44.5 

20.876 

12 

59 

60 
61 

720.5 
621. 

'9-232 

17-934 

10 

60 

II 

61 

62 

'553-5 

17.320 

7 

62 

63 

47T.5 

16.004 

15 

63 

64 

39'''-5 

14.694 

13 

64 

65 

312. 

12.520 

7 

65 
66 

66 

247-5 

10.817 

10 

67 

208. 

9-911 

9 

67 

68 

172.5 

8.970 

9 

68 

69 

134- 

7.606 

5 

69 

70 
7' 

100.5 

6.230 

_       3 

70 
7' 

78. 

5-278 

5 

7- 

59-5 

4.387 

4 

72 

73 

43-5 

3-488 

1 

73 

74 

3«- 

3-3C7 

2 

74 

75 

27. 

2.548 

5 

75 

7^' 

'3- 

1-330 

76 

77 

12. 

1-333 

I 

7- 

7« 

9- 

1.087 

78 

79 

6.5 

.856 

79 

80 

5- 

.722 

80 

81 

3- 

.476 

8t 

82 

Tntal, 

2. 

•349. 

1 

^2 

104,588.0 

1,229.770 

796 

■r.it.ii. 

6o 


JVovidciil  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


TABLE  XIII. 

roMl'ARISON  OF  TIIK  ACTUAI,  AND   PR(  )i;Al!r,K  NUMl'.KR  OF 
FEMALE    LIVES    TKRMINATKl)     i;\      Dl'.Alir.       lOR     KACII     ACK 


at 
Exposui-e. 

Averai^e  Number 

of  Peinalc  Lives 

Expt^sed. 

I'roliahlc  Nunihei-  of 

deaths  by  the 

Amerieaii  Experience 

Table. 

.'\ctiial  Nuinl)er 
i)f  deaths. 

Age 

at 

Exposure. 

13 
14 
15 

16 

17   . 
18 

19 

20 

I 

2 

5 
5 
5 

.004 
.01 1 
.019 

13 

14 
15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

3 
6 

12 
19 

33 

5 

5 
5 

.027 
.046 
.097 

•15^ 

.258 

21 

2  2 

^-3 

24 

25 

26 

27 
28 

29 
30 

49 
63 
79 
94 
103 

5 
5 

.385 

.502 
.629 

•753 
■S35 

I 

I 

2 
2 

21 

22 

23 

24 
25 

III 

129 

157 
179 

193 

5 
5 

.902  • 
1.062 
1.297 
1.494 
1. 631 

2 
2 

I 

26 

27 
28 
29 
30 

31 
32 

33 
34 
35 

36 
37 
38 

39 
40 

41 
42 
43 

44 

■i5 

31 

32 
33 
34 
35 

205 
224 

245 

253 
260 

5 
5 

5 

1-749 
1.932 
2.136 
2.239 
2.326 

I 

3 
I 

I 

2 

36 

37 
3^ 
39 
40 

255 
259 
253 
252 
252 

5 

5 

2.322 

2-3>2 
2.380 
2.416 

2-473 

3 

I 
2 

5 

41 
42 
43 
44 

45 

232 
223 
215 
215 
212 

5 

2.322 
2.286 
2.266 
2.328 
2.366 

2 

I 
I 

5 

(  Continued  on  next  page. ) 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


61 


TABLE   YA\\.  —  (Conli;iu,',> 

'•) 

Age 
at 

\                i\.T.,  ,  1  «..      I'loliablc  Number  of 

FxDosed             American  Experience        ot  iieatns. 
■v-                          Table. 

Age 
at 

Exposure. 

Exposure. 

46 

197.              1                   2.278                        3 

46 

47 

190 

1                    2.280                          I 

47 

48 

173 

5                        2.170 

48 

49 

170 

2.228                         4 

49 

50 

157 

5 

2.171                   2 

50 
51 

51 

140 

5  , 

2.043 

52 

120 

5 

1.854 

52 

53 

113 

5 

1.854                   I 

53 

54 

98. 

5 

1-713                   3 

54 

55 
5^> 

84 

5 

1569                    I 

55 
56 

76 

5 

1-521                    3 

57 

71 

1-515 

57 

5« 

66 

5 

1-525                    I 

5« 

59 

61 

1.508 

59 

60 
61 

54 

5 

1-455         '           1 

60 
61 

47 

5 

1.372 

62 

40 

1.252                   I 

G2 

63 

35 

1. 188                   I 

63 

64 

30 

1 .  1 06                   I 

64 

^'5 
66 

29 

1. 164                   t 

65 

23 

5 

1.027                   2 

66 

67 

16 

.762 

67 

68 

II 

-572 

68 

69 

TO 

.568 

69 

70 
71 

7 

5         '                 -465 

70 

6 

.406 

71 

72 

3 

.221 

72 

73 

3 

.240 

73 

74 

3 

.261 

74 

75 
76 

3 

•5 

-330 

75 
"    76 

4 

.409 

I 

77 

3 

•ZZl 

I 

77 

78 

2 

.242 

78 

79 
Total, 

I 

.132 

79 

Total. 

6849.0 

83.770 

67 

FrovideiU  Life  and  Trust  Company.  6 


o 


TABLES  XIV  and  XV. 

In  order  to  smooth  out  the  irreg-ularlties  which  natu- 
rally occur  in  the  experience  for  each  age,  tlie  facts  of 
Tables  XII  and  XIII  are  now  grouped  in  clusters  of  five 
ages  each.  These  two  tables  are  supplemented  by  Chart 
H,  from  which  may  be  seen  the  relative  line  of  Mortality 
for  male  and  female  lives  as  compared  with  the  expected 
deaths  by  the  American  Table.  No  importance  should 
be  attached  to  the  wide  divergence  of  the  actual  and 
probable  lines  at  the  ends  of  the  chart,  for  the  reason 
'given  in  explanation  of  Table  \'II  and  Chart  F.  The 
divergerjce  may  be  large  in  percentage  but  at  the  same 
time  small  in  fact,  as  it  is  here,  and  as  is  quite  likely 
to  be  the  case  where  there  are  so  few  exposures.  It  is 
interesting  to  note  the  fact  that  the  mortality  on  female 
lives  is  higher  than  on  male  lives.  This  is  in  accordance 
with  most  observations  on  assured  female  lives,  notwith- 
standing that  statistics  show  a  higher  death  rate  for  men 
than  for  women  in  the  general  population. 


64 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


tq  c/5 

^  O 
^  <: 

o>: 

M   O 

D    Cu, 

pa  ^ 
^  !^ 
o 
oi 

Q 

-< 

H 
U 

<: 

w 


m  0 

lO 

O 

U-) 

o 

m 

o 

lO 

O  >o 

o 

to 

N 

■ 

M    N 

<N 

fO 

fO 

Tl- 

'I- 

lO 

lO 

\o  so 

r^ 

r~- 

CO 

, • 

to 

O  O 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o  o 

o 

O 

o 

n 

< 

M  \0 

IH 

VO 

^ 

VO 

l_ 

vO 

1^ 

VO   n 

so 

M 

VO 

o 

W   M 

(N 

N 

m 

CO 

^ 

■* 

U-5 

lO  o 

SO 

r~ 

I^ 

"o 

P 

<    J 

0  vo 

CO 

-t 

o 

'1- 

lO 

O 

^ 

cs  lO 

r^ 

O 

to 

f- 

»-| 

N 

■+ 

»^ 

w 

CO 

vC 

VO 

CO 

OS  r^ 

M 

OS 

M 

^ 

t^ 

O 

lO 

"? 

v<3 

vq 

vq 

r— 

"?  ^. 

00 

CO 

CO 

so 

O    J- 

* 

* 

* 

•c  f^ 

rt 

f^ 

;« 

U 

^ 

P 

3   S 

Z'l:;'^ 

O  fO 

M 

M 

H-l 

LO 

o 

m 

to 

to  CO 

o 

r~ 

(N 

VO 

z:  °  2 

rO 

r-- 

On 

M 

On 

OS  'O  lo 

CO 

n 

o\ 

g   Q 

H* 

^ 

t^ 

o 

< 

^    aj 

Deat 
Tab 

(U 

•^  w 

^ 

f^  vO 

CO 

to 

•<t 

•* 

OS  rf 

m 

00 

CO 

o 

^-  ^,  ^ 

M   rO 

M 

ro 

Tf 

00 

0^ 

'^ 

CO 

O  r^ 

CO 

O 

to 

r- 

M    l-H 

't 

•^ 

q 

vq 

N 

Cs 

q 

to  '^ 

to 

q 

I-; 

f^ 

s   a. 

"^ 

c> 

lO 

rO 

M* 

lO 

CO 

d 

oo  CO 

CO 

Cs 

so 

o\ 

3  >^? 

Tj- 

N 

1— 

o 

o 

-1- 

CO 

O  r^ 

-+ 

w 

« 

2^W 

■^ 

" 

•^ 

M 

" 

" 

" 

« 

—   5 

M 

^    u 

cs   'C 

^     0) 

O    p 

^    *: 

Ck   < 

t: 

t,     UJ 

(11    t/5 

^   o 

O  lO 

lO 

q 

lO 

q 

q 

q 

q 

q  to 

to 

o 

to 

q 

lO  w 

fO 

i-~ 

d 

1^ 

CO 

oo' 

t^ 

d  so 

N 

so 

d 

oo' 

I-.   ro 

00 

^0 

fo 

o 

1-^ 

o 

r~- 

00  to 

SO 

'^ 

to 

CO 

<u  o  S 

m 

M 

t-H 

00 

Tf 

r-^ 

t 

'^ 

t-»  CO 

CO 

CS 

to 

M   .S 

VO 

lO 

Os 

c> 

lO 

»1 

rC 

Tj-  M 

"i- 

2   ►J 

11 

1-1 

11 

n 

n 

O 

<u 

^^ 

<    2 

s 

lo  o 

to 

O 

l-o 

o 

to 

o 

lO 

O   lO 

o 

to 

p) 

w   N 

N 

O 

CO 

'^ 

■<:f 

liO 

lO 

SO  so 

r^ 

t^ 

CO 

o 

(U 

< 

°  2 

o 

o 

o 

o 

O 

o 

O 

O  O 

O 

o 

o 

M   ^ 

H, 

o 

HH 

o 

„ 

vO 

M 

VO  ~ 

so 

M 

so 

H 

"   " 

CI 

M 

CO 

CO 

Tt- 

"^ 

U-) 

lO  so 

so 

r^ 

r~ 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Coinpany, 


6=i 


W 

H 

< 

^ 

S 

Cri 

W 

H 

^ 

y*^ 

»«:«. 

N 

•v) 

kj 

> — » 

S    Si 

?1 

1% 

^ 

O   fe 

1 

ei  t. 

1 

tJ  o 

> 

^    'Ti 

X 

«*     Ch 

::i  3 

u 

2  o 

i-i 

CQ 

lo    O 

lO 

0     li-i 

O 

to    0 

lo    O     u->    o     to 

c< 

11       N 

N 

ro    ro 

^ 

rr    lo 

to  o   o    f^  i~- 

00 

* 

so 
< 

o    o 

O 

o    o 

O 

°  2 

o    o    c    o    o 

o 

a 

,o 

«    vO 

t^ 

vo     " 

VO 

w     O 

1-        vo           -        Vil          "H 

vo 

^^ 

f< 

N      ro 

ro 

-r  '^ 

to  to  o   o    t— 

r^ 

"rt 

<    1 

O     0 

T^ 

ro    - 

00 

CO      C\ 

ro    to  CO      C\    O 

M 

o 

i_    O    rt 

<^ 

CO     r^ 

1— 1 

r^    CN 

to  \o    to  CO 

Cv 

o 

°  "-o 

CN 

f^    r^ 

CN 

l>.  CO 

to  vo    vo     to 

I^ 

CO 

%  ^ 

•^ 

- 

a 

f^ 

u 

U 

^ 

£      u-' 

,==     ^ 

V  <—  — 

o    o 

V3 

in  CO 

>-l 

Cs    O 

to   to    •'^    f<     O 

N 

2      Q 

o 

< 

-C           1^ 

"%     ^ 

O            ,rt 

*■«.'" 

■*     Cn 

fO 

O       N 

ro 

Cn    t^ 

Tl-      -f       0        -^       ON    vo 

o 

OJ     QJ  •-• 

ro   r~ 

O 

CO     CO 

CO 

O     r) 

ro    M     CO      0\    to 

IH 

t^ 

3    ^  X 

q    lo 

I-; 

ro    fO 

O 

up     — 

q    to  q    ro  '^ 

ll 

r^ 

CO 

SO      6 

» 

l-H          la^ 

On    f--  O      ro    -'' 

n' 

CO 

^^W 

" 

" 

"          « 

00 

M     rt 

-^     .H 

rt         I. 

^         w 

2      S 

=1-     < 

•o 

u 

u         n 

o         O 

-a       a. 

§      W 

IT)     U-) 

q 

O     to 

q 

up  q 

to  to  to  q    up 

q 

q 

crage  N 

of 
le  Lives 

rf-    ^ 

ON 

d  co" 

rj 

r^  co' 

t-^     cfN     «"     00     00 

d 

Cv 

t^ 

CO 

r^  CO 

t^ 

Cs  00 

to    f^     CO    vo      — 

rf 

ro 

t^    « 

N 

O.  =<5 

to    ro    >- 

oo^ 
vo" 

>       « 

<       S 

u 

tlH 

i/^   o 

\n 

O     i^ 

0 

lO    o 

to    O     to    O     to 

N 

X 

fc-       N 

N 

ro    ro 

■^ 

•*    u^ 

to  O   O    t-»   r~ 

00 

r:" 

<; 

o    o 

o 

O     O 

O 

o    o 

o    o    o    o    o 

o 

,o 

w    vo 

I-I 

vo     « 

SO 

I-,     o 

«    O      -     vo      - 

o 

f^ 

M 

r<      ro 

ro 

-r    -i- 

to    lO   O    vO      r^ 

r^ 

I 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company.  69 


TABLE  XVI. 

This  is  a  mortality  table  constructed  on  the  usual  plan 
from  the  experience  of  the  company  on  its  male  and  female 
lives  as  given  in  detail  for  each  age  in  Tables  XII  and 
XIII.  As  the  company  had  so  few  exposures  on  lives 
younger  than  15  and  older  than  75,  the  percentages  of 
deaths  for  those  ages  were  taken  from  the  American  Table 
in  making  up  the  unadjusted  table.  The  unadjusted  table 
was  then  graduated  by  the  comparatively  simple  and 
very  satisfactory  method  given  by  Mr.  Woolhouse  in  the 
Journal  of  the  Institute  of  Actuaries,  Vol.  21,  P.  45,  etc., 
and  the  result  obtained  is  set  forth  in  this  table. 


70 


Pi^ovidciit  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


TABLE  XVI. 

MORTALITY   TABLE,  FOUNDED  UPON  THE  EXPERIENCE  OF  THE 

PROVIDENT  LIFE  AND  TRUST  COMPANY,  FOR  MALE 

AND  FEMALE  LIVES. 


Age. 

Living. 

Deaths. 

dx 

Age. 

X. 

/-r. 

dx. 

Ix 

X. 

lO 

I 00000 

579 

.005790 

10 

II 

99421 

77^ 

.007825 

II 

12 

98643 

931 

.009438 

12 

13 

97712 

1039 

.010633 

'3 

14 

96673 

IIOI 

.011389 

14 

15 

95572 

1119 

.011708 

15 
16 

16 

94453 

1091 

•OII55I 

17 

93362 

1017 

.010893 

17 

18 

92345 

89S 

.009724 

18 

19 

9'447 

566 

.000189 

19 

20 

90881 

565 

.006217 

20 

21 

90316 

554 

.006131 

21 

22 

88762 

518 

•005771 

22 

23 

89244 

503 

.005636 

23 

24 

88741 

524 

.005905 

24 

25 

88217 

454 

.005146 

25 
26 

26 

^7763 

412 

.004694 

27 

87351 

399 

.004568 

27 

28 

86952 

400 

.004600 

28 

29 

86552 

414 

.004783 

29 

30 

86138 

418 

.004853 

30 
31 

31 

85720 

430 

.005016 

32 

85290 

421 

.004936 

32 

33 

84869 

415 

.004890 

2>i 

34 

84454 

437 

•005174 

34 

35 

84017 

4^5 

.005416 

35 

36 

83562 

469 

.005613 

36 

37 

8J093 

493 

•005933 

37 

38 

82600 

522 

.006320 

38 

39 

82078 

5" 

.006226 

39 

40 

81567 

534 

.006547 

40 

41 

81033 

554 

.006852 

41 

42 

80479 

564 

.007008 

42 

43 

79915 

567 

.007095 

43 

44 

79348 

610 

.007688 

44 

45 

78738 

605 

.007684 
•007398 

45 

46 

78133 

578 

46 

47 

77555 

594 

•007659 

47 

48 

76961 

625 

.008  I  2  I 

'    48 

49 

76336 

606 

•007939 

49 

50 

75730 

661 

.008728 

50 

Provident  Life  a?id  Trust  Company. 


71 


TABLE  XW I. —{Continued.) 


Age. 

Living. 

Deaths. 

dx 

Age. 

jr. 

U. 

dx. 

Ix 

X. 

51 

51 

75069 

790 

.010524 

52 

74279 

873 

■OII753 

52 

53 

7340b 

927 

.OI262S 

53 

54 

72479 

1039 

•014335 

54 

55 

71440 

1064 

.014894 

55 
56 

56 

70376 

972 

.013811 

57 

69404 

889 

.012809 

57 

5« 

68515 

9J6 

.013661 

58 

59 

67579 

866 

.012814 

59 

60 
61 

66713 
65806 

907 

.013596 

60 

1 108 

.016837 

61 

62 

64698 

1 142 

.017651 

62 

63 

63556 

•  1742 

.027409 

63 

64 

61814 

1795 

.029039 

64 

65 
66 

60019 

2003 

•033373 

65 

58016 

2167 

•037352 

66 

67 

55849 

2178 

.038998 

67 

68 

53671 

2090 

.038941 

68 

69 

515^1 

2102 

.040751 

69 

70 
7« 

49479 
47323 

2156 
2102 

•043574 

70 

.044418 

71 

72 

45221 

2267 

.050132 

72 

73 

42954 

2846 

.066257 

73 

74 

40108 

3099 

.077266 

74 

75 

76 

37009 

3299 

.089140 

75 

33710 

3598 

.106734 

76 

77 

30112 

3689 

.122509 

77 

7'S 

26423 

3369 

•127503 

78 

79 

23054 

3105 

.134684 

79 

80 
81 

19949 

2959 

.148328 

80 

16990 

2681 

•157799 

81 

82 

14309 

2421 

.169194 

82 

«3 

1 1 888 

2272 

.I91117 

^Z 

84 

9616 

2034 

.211522 

84 

85 

7582 

1785 

.235426 

85 

86 

5797 

1528 

.263584 

86 

87 

4269 

1268 

.297025 

87 

88 

3001 

1013 

.337554 

88 

89 

1988 

769 

,386821 

89 

90 
91 

1219 
670 

549 

•450371 

90 

361 

.538806 

91 

92 

309 

212 

.686084 

92 

93 

97 

68 

.701031 

93 

94 

29 

25 

.862069 

94 

95 

4 

4 

1. 000000 

95 

Provident  Life  ajid  Triist  Company.  jt, 


TABLE  XVII. 

In  this  table  is  given  a  comparative  exhibit  of  the  Ex- 
pectation of  Life  by  the  Provident  and  other  MortaHty 
Tables.  It  will  be  seen  from  it  that  if  the  present  rate  of 
mortality  in  The  Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company  is 
continued,  the  expectation  of  life  of  its  members  is  much 
longer  than  by  standard  Mortality  Tables. 


74 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Co?npany. 


TABLE  XVII. 

KXPI-:CTA'riON   OF   LIFK    BV    DIFFF.RENT   MORTAIJTY  T.\BLES. 


a 

00 

■■J 

C    V 

E  V 

ritish 

es. 

'Actuaries." 

ritish 

es.     H.  M. 
'Actuaries." 

t) 

u 

H 

5y  [A 

V 

1^ 

«E2 

""o^t 

" 

lO 

^=2 

faai  M 

< 

to 
49-99 

£:-oo 

80^ 

6 

< 
10 

52.20 

48.80 

48.72 

48.36 

50.29 

48.82 

II 

51-50 

47.97 

48.08 

49-32 

47.68 

49-54 

48.04 

II 

12 

50.90 

47.12 

47-45 

48.64 

47.01 

48.73 

47-27 

12 

1.3 

5039 

46.27 

46.80 

47-95 

46.33 

47.89 

46.51 

«3 

M 

49.92 

45-43 

46.16 

47.26 

45-64 

47.03 

45-75 

14 

15 

i6 

49-49 
49.07 

44.60 
43-79 

45.50 

46.57 

44.96 

46.16 

45-00 

15 
16 

44.85 

45.88 

44.27 

4529 

44-27 

17 

48.64 

4300 

44.19 

45-18 

43.58 

44-44 

43-57 

17 

i8 

4817 

42.24 

43  53 

44.48 

42.88 

43-61 

42.87 

18 

19 

47.64 

41.50 

42.87 

4378 

42.19 

42.82 

42.17 

19 

20 
21 

46.93 
46.22 

40.7S 
40.09 

42.20 

43-07 

41.49 

42.06 

41.46 

20 

21 

41.53 

42.36 

40.79 

41.33 

40.75 

22 

45-5' 

39-43 

40.85 

41.65 

40.09 

40.60 

40.04 

22 

2.3 

44-77 

38.78 

40.17 

40.93 

39.39 

39.88 

39-31 

23 

2  + 

44.02 

38.15 

39-49 

40.21 

38.68 

39-15 

38.59 

24 

25 

43.28 

37-53 

38-81 

39-49 

37.98 

38.41 

37.86 

25 

26 

42.50 

36.92 

38-12 

38-77 

37.27 

37.66 

37.14 

26 

27 

41.70 

36.31 

37-43 

38-04 

36.56 

36.91 

36.41 

27 

28 

40.88 

35-71 

36.73 

37-31 

35-86 

30.16 

35.69 

28 

29 

40.07 

35." 

36.03 

36.58 

35.15 

35-42 

35.00 

29 

30 

39.26 

34.51 

35-33 

35-85 

34-43 

34.68 

34-34 
33-68 

30 
31 

31 

38.45 

3.3.92 

34.63 

35-12 

33.72 

33.95 

32 

37-64 

33-32 

33-92 

34-38 

33-01 

33.21 

33-03 

32 

33 

36.83 

32.72 

33-21 

33-65 

32.30 

32.48 

32.36 

33 

34 

36.00 

32.12 

32.50 

32.91 

31-58 

31-75 

3.. 68 

34 

3'^ 
36 

35-19 

31-52 

3178 
31.07 

32.17 

30.87 

31.02 

31.00 

35 
3b 

34.38 

30.92 

31-43 

30.15 

30.29 

3032 

37 

33-57 

30.32 

30.35 

30.70 

29.44 

29.56 

29.64 

37 

3« 

•    32-77 

29.71 

29.62 

29.96 

28.72 

28.84 

28.96 

38 

3' 

31  97 

29.10 

28.90 

29.22 

28.00 

28.12 

28.28 

39 

40 
41 

31-17 

28.49 
27.87 

28.18 

28.48 
27-75 

27.28 
26.56 

27.40 

27  61 

40 
41 

30-37 

27-45 

2668 

26.97 

42 

29.58 

27.25 

26.92 

27.01 

25.84 

25.96 

26.34 

42 

43 

2878 

26.62 

26.00 

26.28 

25.12 

25.23 

2571 

43 

44 

27.98 

25.99 

25.27 

25-55 

24.40 

24-5' 

25.09 

44 

45 
46 

27.20 

25.36 

24.54 

24.82 
24.09 

23.69 

23-79 
23.08 

24.46 

23.82 

45 
46 

26.40 

24.71 

23.81 

2297 

47 

25.60 

24.06 

23.08 

23-38 

22.27 

22.38 

23-17 

47 

48 

24.79 

23.40 

22.36 

22.66 

21.56 

21.68 

22.50 

48 

49 

23-99 

22.74 

21.63 

21.95 

20.87 

20.99 

2I.8I 

49 

50 

23-13 

22.08 

20.91 

21.24 

20.18 

20.31 

21. II 

50 

Provident  Life  and  Tntst  Company. 

TABLE  yj^\\.—{  Continued.) 


75 


!> 

A 

i 

M. 

ries." 

£" 

c 

-il 

■^^1 

•S<2 

^0 

u   . 

51 

0^ 

So 

< 

^0 

^00 

u 

22.38 

21  41 

20  20 

20.54 

19.50 

19-63 

20.39 

51 

52 

21  61 

20.75 

19.49 

19.84 

18.82 

18.95 

19.68 

52 

53 

20.86 

20.09 

1879 

19.15 

18.16 

18.28 

18.97 

53 

54 

20.12 

»9-43 

18.09 

18.47 

17.50 

17.62 

18.28 

54 

55 

19.41 

1S.78 
18.13 

1740 

17.80 

16.S6 

16.96 
16.32 

17.58 

55 

56 

18.69 

16.72 

17.13 

16.22 

16.89 

56 

57 

17-95 

17.49 

16.05 

1647 

1559 

15.68 

16.21 

57 

5« 

17.17 

16.87 

15-39 

15-83 

1497 

15.05 

15-55 

58 

59 

16.40 

16.25 

14-74 

i5-'9 

14-37 

14.44 

14.92 

59 

bo 
61 

15.61 

14.82 

15.64 

14.10 

13-47 

14.56 
13-94 

13-77 

1383 

14.34 

60 

1)T 

1505 

13-18 

13.24 

13.82 

62 

14.06 

14-47 

12.86 

13-34 

12.61 

12.66 

13-31 

62 

^l 

m^ 

13.90 

12  26 

12.74 

12.05 

12.10 

12.81 

63 

64 

12  67 

1334 

11.67 

12.16 

11.51 

11.55 

1230 

64 

b5 

12.03 

12.80 

11.10 

11.60 
11.04 

10.97 
10.46 

II.OI 

11.79 

65 

66 

"•43 

12.27 

10.54 

10.49 

11.27 

66 

67 

10.86 

11-75 

10.00 

10.50 

9.96 

9.98 

10.75 

67 

68 

10.28 

ir.25 

9-47 

9-97 

9-47 

9.48 

10.23 

68 

69 

9.67 

10.76 

8.97 

9.46 

9.00 

8.98 

9.70 

69 

70 
71 

9.06 

10.29 

8.48 
8.00^ 

8-97 

8.54 

8.50 

9.18 

70 

8.45 

9.83 

849 

8.10 

8.03 

8.65 

71 

72 

7.82 

9-39 

7-55 

8.02 

767 

7.58 

8.16 

72 

73 

7.21 

8.97 

7.11 

7.57 

7.26 

7-15 

772 

73 

74 

6.69 

S.56 

6.68 

7.14 

6.86 

^.75 

7.33 

74 

75 
76 

6.20 

576 

8.18 

6.27 

6.72 

6.48 

6.38 

7.01 

75 

7.81 

5.88 

6.32 

6.11 

6.02 

6.69 

76 

77 

5-39 

7-45 

5-49 

5-93 

5-76 

5.67 

6.40 

77 

7« 

507 

7.12 

5-" 

5-57 

5-42 

5-34 

6.12 

78 

79 

4-74 

6.80 

4.74 

5-21 

5-09 

5-03 

5.80 

79 

80 

4-39 

6.49 

4-39 

4.87 
4-55 

4.78 

4.72 

5-51 

80 

81 

4.08 

6.20 

4-05 

4-48 

443 

5.21 

82 

3-75 

5-93 

3-7« 

4.24 

4.18 

4-17 

4-93 

82 

«3 

3-41 

5.67 

3-39 

3  95 

393 

3  93 

4.65 

83 

84 

299 

5-42 

308 

367 

3(^^ 

3.71 

4.39 

84 

«5 
86 

2.79 
2.50 

518 

2.77 

3-40 

3-3(> 

3-51 

4.12 

85 

4  95 

2.47 

3-14 

3.10 

3-31 

3.90 

86 

»7 

2.22 

4-74 

218 

2.89 

284 

3.10 

371 

87 

88 

1.94 

4.54 

1.91 

2.64 

2-59 

2.88 

3  59 

88 

89 

1.67 

4-34 

1.66 

2-39 

2-35 

2.63 

3-47 

89 

90 

1.41 

4.16 

1.42 
1. 19 

2.17 
1.98 

2.11 

2.36 

3-28 
3-26 

90 
91 

91 

i'5 

3-98 

1.89 

208 

92 

.92 

3-8i 

.98 

1.81 

1.67 

1.80 

3-37 

92 

93 

.84 

3.65 

.80 

1.64 

1-47 

I. SO 

3-48 

93 

94 

.64 

'   3-49 

■64 

1.49 

1.28 

1.20 

3-53 

94 

95 

.50 

3  ..U 

.50 

Ij4 

1. 12 

•93 

3  53 

95 

Provident  Lije  and  Trust  Company.  'j'] 


TABLE  XVIII. 

If  in  any  Mortality  Table  the  number  dying  at  any  age 
is  divided  by  the  number  living  at  that  age  the  result  gives 
the  percentage  of  death  by  that  table  for  that  age.  It  is 
generally  represented  by  the  expression  ^_^.  Taking  the 
^?  for  each  ao-e  bv  the  American  Table  as  shown  in  Table 
XVIII  for  a  standard,  we  have  placed  side  by  side  the  per- 
centages which  the  probability  of  death  (^^'■)  by  the  Provi- 
dent and  other  Mortality  Tables  bear  to  it.  The  result 
is  given  in  Chart  J,  in  such  a  way  as  to  show  at  a  glance 
the  comparative  rate  of  Mortality  by  the  several   tables. 


78 


Pi'ovidcnt  Life  and  Trust  Company, 


TABLE^  XVIII.— (5f^  Chart  J.) 


PERCENTAGE   OF   MORTALITY    {^\l)    BY   THE    AMERICAN    TABLE, 
AND  THE   RATIO  WHICH  THE   PERCENTAGES  OF    MOR- 
TALITY  BY   OTHER  TABLES   BEAR  TO   IT. 


dx 

ix  ^y 

Ratic 

of  .      to  that  of  the  American  Table. 

20  British 

Age. 

American 
Table. 

Provident, 

1S66 

to 

30 

American 

Offices, 

17  British 

Offices, 

Old  "Ac- 

Offices, 

H.  M., 

New  "Ac- 

Carlisle. 

Age. 

1885. 

Meech. 

tuaries." 

tuaries." 

25 

.008065 

.638 

.872 

•963 

.822 

.907 

25 

26 

.008130 

.577 

.875 

.970 

.822 

.906 

26 

27 

.008197 

•557 

.877 

.977 

.S42 

.948 

27 

28 

.008264 

•557 

.880 

•985 

.868 

1.052 

28 

29 

.008345 

•573 

.885 

.992 

.896 

1.178 

29 

30 

.008427 

•576 

.888 

1. 000 

.916 

1.199 

3'^ 

31 

.008510 

•589 

•893 

i.ooS 

•930 

1. 199 

31 

32 

.008607 

•573 

.898 

1. 016 

.942 

1.(77 

32 

33 

.008718 

.562 

•903 

1.023 

•950 

'•153 

Z2> 

34 

.008831 

.586 

.909 

1.030 

•963 

1. 149 

34 

35 

.008946 

.605 

.914 

1.038 

.981 

i.m6 

35 

36 

.009089 

.618 

•923 

1.044 

1.002 

i.i6t 

36 

37 

.009234 

•643 

•930 

1.049 

1.025 

1. 176 

37 

38 

.009408 

.672 

•938 

1.05 1 

1.040 

..187 

38 

39 

.009586 

.649 

•947 

1.057 

1.052 

1.239 

39 

40 

.009794 

.668 

•956 

1.058 

1.052 

1.328 

40 

41 

.010008 

.685 

.964 

1.060 

1.048 

1^376 

41 

42 

.010232 

.684 

•975 

1.063 

1.047 

1.402 

42 

43 

.010517 

•675 

•984 

1.070 

1.058 

1.387 

43 

44 

.010829 

.710 

•994 

1.080 

1.067 

1^367 

44 

45 

.01 1163 

.688 

1.004 

1.094 

1.092 

1.327 

45 

46 

.01  1562 

.640 

1. 01 1 

I.I  10 

1. 119 

1. 281 

46 

47 

.01 2000 

.638 

1. 019 

1. 126 

1. 142 

1.217 

47 

48 

.012509 

.649 

1.024 

1. 140 

1. 154 

1.114 

48 

49 

.013106 

.606 

1.027 

1.149 

1. 161 

1.044 

49 

50 

.013781 

•633 

1.028 

1-157 

'••57 

•974 

50 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 


79 


TABLE  yiVlW.- {Continued.) 


Ralie 

J  of    .    lo  that  of  the  American  Table. 

American 

20  British 

Age. 

Provident, 
1866 

30 

American 

17  British 

Offices, 

Offices, 
H.  M. 

Carlisle. 

Age. 

Table. 

to 

Offices, 

Old  "Ac- 

New "Ac- 

1885. 

Meech. 

tuaries." 

tuaries." 

5^ 

.014541 

.724 

1.028 

1. 162 

1. 146 

•983 

51 

52 

.015389 

.764 

1.028 

1. 166 

1. 1 40 

.988 

52 

53 

•016333 

•773 

1.026 

1. 1 69 

^•139 

.989 

53 

54 

.017396 

.824 

1.022 

1. 168 

^•134 

.971 

54 

55 

.018571 

,802 

1. 019 

1. 167 

^■^Zl 

•965 

55 

56 

.019885 

•695 

1. 014 

1. 163 

1. 129 

•955 

56 

57 

•021335 

,600 

1 .01 1 

^•157 

1. 124 

•979 

57 

58 

.022936 

•596 

1.005 

1. 150 

1. 117 

••055 

58 

59 

.024720 

.518 

•999 

^•143 

1.114 

1. 144 

59 

60 

.026693 

•509 

•994 

1. 136 

I.l  12 

'•255 

60 

61 

.028880 

.583 

.988 

I.I  29 

1. 109 

1.239 

61 

62 

.031292 

.564 

.981 

1. 122 

1. 107 

^•i95 

62 

^Z 

•033943 

.807 

•975 

1. 115 

1. 104 

1,127 

63 

64 

.036873 

,788 

.969 

1. 107 

1.098 

1.079 

64 

65 

.040129 

.832 

•963 

1.099 

1.082 

1.024 

65 

66 

•043707 

•855 

•956 

1.C89 

1.065 

.972 

66 

67 

.047647 

.818 

•950 

1.080 

1.047 

•932 

67 

68 

.052002 

•749 

•943 

1.070 

1 .024 

•893 

68 

69 

.056762 

.718 

•938 

'•059 

l.OIO 

.S65 

69 

70 

.061993 

•703 

•932 

1,047 

1.003 

.833 

70 

71 

.067665 

.656 

.928 

1.037 

1.006 

,870 

71 

72 

•073733 

,680 

•925 

1.028 

I.0I6 

.924 

72 

73 

.080178 

.826 

•925 

1. 021 

^•033 

•974 

73 

74 

.0S7028 

.888 

.927 

1. 017 

1.048 

1.036 

74 

75 

.094371 

•945 

•930 

1.013 

1.042 

1.012 

75 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company.  83 

We  give  below,  for  comparison,  the  result  of  some 
of  the  observations  made  by  other  companies  as  well  as 

Ratio  of  Actual 

to  Probable  Loss  by 

the  Combined  Ex. 

or  OU  Actuaries-' 

Table. 


our  own : 

Mutual  Life  of  N.  Y.      1843- 

-1873- 

Ratio  of  Actual 
10  Probable  Loss 

by  the 
American  Table. 

/ 

On  Lives, 

f 

•799 

C©«necticut)  Mutual.     1 846-1 

878. 

On  Policies, 

.856 

On  Amount, 

.879 

On  Lives, 

.853 

On  Male  Lives, 

.846- 

On  Female  Lives, 

-945 

Mutual  Benefit.     1845-1879. 

On  Lives, 

.848 

On  Amount- 

.S94 

-778 


Michigan  Mutual.     1867-1881. 

On  Policies  and  Lives,  .765  .709 

John  Hancock,     1863-1883. 

On  Lives,  .732 

On  Female  Lives,  .823 

On  Amount,  .843 

Penn  Mutual.     18 74-1 885. 

On  Amount,  .785 

Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company.     1 866-1 885. 
On  Lives, 
On  Male  Lives, 
On  Female  Lives, 

On  Policies,  .666  .619 

On  Amount  ^,m,^   '"— -^j^w  -^87  .637 


84  Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company. 

It  is  not  likely  that  any  one  cause  can  be  assigned 
which  will  fully  account  for  the  unusually  low  rate  of 
mortality  shown  by  the  experience  of  The  Provident 
Like  and  Trust  Company  of  Philadelphia. 

There  must  however  be  some  satisfactory  explanation 
for  facts  borne  out  so  uniformly  year  after  year. 

In  the  early  history  of  the  Company  it  was  supposed 
that  so  laroi'e  a  number  of  insurances  upon  members  of 
the  Society  of  Friends  would  have  a  favorable  effect 
upon  the  average  vitality  of  the  Company,  on  account 
of  their  well  known  reputation  for  longevity;  but  as  the 
Company  has  increased  in  membership  the  proportion 
of  Friends  among  the  insured  has  become  small,  and 
the  experience  of  the  Company  has  shown  no  corres- 
pondingly increasing  rate  of  mortality;  so  that  while  the 
insurances  upon  the  lives  of  Friends  may  have  con- 
tributed somewhat  toward  the  favorable  result  attained, 
we  cannot  consider  it  as  an  important  factor. 

The  large  proportion  of  new  insurances  written  by 
this  Company  each  year,  as  compared  with  the  amount 
already  in  force,  would  naturally  have  a  favorable  effect 
upon  the  mortality  experience ;  for  all  companies  of 
good  standing  will  show  a  rate  of  mortality  much  below 
any  standard  general  expectation,  during  the  first  three 
or  four  years  of  the  existence  of  the  policies;  but  that 
this  fact  does  not  give  a  satisfactory  explanation  lor  the 
exceptionally  low  death  rate  in  the  Provident  is  shown 
by  throwing  out  of  this  Company's  experience  the  years 
of  exposure  o,  i  and  2  (see  Table  VII),  that  is  those 
especially  favored  by  recent  medical  examinations,  and 
the  remaining  years  will  still  show  a  death  rate  of  only 
75  \o'/^  o^  die  American  Table,  which  is  below  the  rate 


Provident  Life  and  Trust  Company,  85 

that  other  companies  (which  have  published  statistics  of 
their  mortahty)  show  for  their  whole  experience,  inckid- 
ing  the  most  favorable  years  of  exposure. 

After  a  careful  observation  of  the  tables  presented 
herewith,  we  are  of  opinion  that  the  three  principal 
causes  which  have  contributed  to  such  a  favorable  ex- 
perience in  this  Company,  are  those  which  have  been 
alluded  to  several  times  in  our  Annual  Reports  in  com- 
menting upon  the  continued  exemption  of  the  Company 
from  a  high  rate  of  mortality : 

First:  The  character  of  the  agents  who  secure  the 
business,  anci  their  conscientious  devotion  to  the  best 
interests  of  the  Company  whose  reputation  they  have 
done  so  much  to  establish. 

Second :  The  ability  and  care  of  our  medical  exami- 
ners, and  especially  of  the  Chief  Medical  Examiner,  who 
passes  upon  all  cases  before  they  are  accepted  by  the 
Company. 

Third:  The  limitation  of  our  business  to  the  more 
healthful  sections  of  the  country. 


V'  f 


I.' 


/t  ?(*■  j  v/v 


'^  Vfc  ""ill  3f- 


'■4  ^i" 


.•E 


x>. 


0'^ 


3I' 


>> 


y^. 


4^ 


fe.  -  1 


2I2S7 


Ha.  8785 
/S35 


